Relationship between intestinal Schistosomiasis and enteric fever among Sudanese patients, New Halfa Town, Kassala State, Sudan

Abstract

Salmonellosis continues to be a major health problem in developing countries, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and Salmonella enterica serotype Para-typhi A are common causative organisms for typhoid and paratyphoid fever, respectively.1 These bacteria are commonly found in the tegument or the intestinal tract of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. The role of schistosomes as a source and vehicle of Salmonella infection has been well established.2 Sera from patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis were found to have reduced antibody activity against S .typhi and S. cholerasuis compared with normal controls. Further, chronic persistent Salmonella bacteremia has been described in association with S. mansoni infection.2 The association of Gram-negative bacteria and helminthes parasites has been reported previously. The above mentioned clinical evidence largely suggests that the bacteria-parasite association may provide the persistence of Salmonella infection.1