COINTELPRO Continues: Dr. Mutulu Shakur

IF 0.1 4区 哲学 Q4 ETHNIC STUDIES Souls Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI:10.1080/10999949.2022.2104601
Susan Rosenberg, Linda Evans
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Abstract

Since 1968, or possibly even earlier, Dr. Mutulu Shakur has been a target of the FBI’s Counter-Intelligence Program (COINTELPRO) and subsequent U.S. government programs attacking the Black Liberation Movement. Because of the similarities of these programs, in this article, the term COINTELPRO is used generally to reflect organized and intentional repression or counterinsurgency. Dr. Shakur is a Black revolutionary, and has been targeted as an enemy of the U.S. State for most of his adult life. Throughout his 36 years in prison, he has lived his life as a peacemaker, mentoring and teaching the people in prison with him, without a single rule infraction involving violence. But even while he continues to live in captivity, a program of unrelenting repression defines every aspect of his life, repression implemented by the combined weight of the Bureau of Prisons (BOP), FBI, US Parole Commission (USPC), US Attorneys, and sitting Judges. Any assessment of his special treatment and the conditions under which he lives can only conclude that COINTELPRO has been implemented against him continuously for the last 36 years. Dr. Shakur has been denied parole nine times since he became eligible in 1996. Unlike most other people in prison, he was denied his mandatory release date after serving 30 years. For his entire incarceration, he has been on a continuing twohour hold, meaning he must be physically viewed by a prison staffer every two hours. He has been transferred to maximum security prisons four times on nondisciplinary transfers—prison staff refer to this as "diesel therapy." Dr. Shakur has spent years in solitary confinement, and been “disappeared” by the Bureau of Prisons twice—his whereabouts inside the prison system were unknown. Despite his current and ongoing suffering from advanced bone cancer, which was neglected for years by the prison medical system, he has been denied compassionate release three times. The overall intention is clear—death by incarceration.
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COINTELPRO继续:Mutulu Shakur博士
自1968年以来,甚至更早,穆图鲁·沙库尔博士一直是联邦调查局反情报计划(COINTELPRO)和随后美国政府攻击黑人解放运动的计划的目标。由于这些程序的相似性,在本文中,COINTELPRO一词通常用于反映有组织和有意的镇压或反叛乱。沙库尔博士是一名黑人革命者,成年后的大部分时间都被视为美国国家的敌人。在他36年的监狱生涯中,他一直以和事佬的身份生活,指导和教导监狱里的人,没有任何涉及暴力的违规行为。但即使他继续被监禁,一个无情的镇压计划也定义了他生活的方方面面,由监狱管理局(BOP)、联邦调查局、美国假释委员会(USPC)、美国检察官和现任法官共同实施的镇压。对他的特殊待遇和生活条件的任何评估都只能得出结论,即在过去36年中,COINTELPRO一直对他实施。自1996年获得假释资格以来,沙库尔医生已九次被拒绝假释。与监狱中的大多数其他人不同,他在服刑30年后被剥夺了强制释放日期。在他的整个监禁期间,他一直被关押两个小时,这意味着监狱工作人员必须每两个小时对他进行一次身体检查。他曾四次被非自愿转移到最高安全级别的监狱——监狱工作人员称之为“柴油疗法”。沙库尔医生被单独监禁多年,两次被监狱管理局“失踪”——他在监狱系统内的下落不明。尽管他目前和持续患有晚期骨癌癌症,多年来一直被监狱医疗系统忽视,但他已三次被拒绝同情释放。总体意图是明确的——监禁致死。
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来源期刊
Souls
Souls ETHNIC STUDIES-
CiteScore
0.40
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