Changes on the Climatic Edge: Adaptation of and Challenges to Pastoralism in Montesinho (Northern Portugal)

IF 1.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Mountain Research and Development Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI:10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-21-00010.1
José Castro, M. Castro, A. Gómez-Sal
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Mountain areas are sensitive to changes in precipitation and temperature, which significantly impact traditional pastoralist communities, their economy, and their lifestyle. Alarming climate change scenarios justify the investigation of the ecological and socioeconomic vulnerabilities that characterize Portugal's mountain regions. This work explores how the traditional production systems of small ruminants—sheep and goats—could adapt in the Montesinho mountain range as it changes over the next 2 decades. Land use–land cover maps from 1995 and 2018 show how the pastoral landscape has changed and indicate trends for a future scenario. Documented landscape grazing patterns are used to determine sheep and goat landscape preferences under different climatic conditions. Finally, we identify the near-future constraints on traditional sheep and goat systems, contrasting landscape changes with sheep and goat preferences. Over coming decades, the balance between rangelands and cultivated lands will persist in the Montesinho mountain landscape, despite some trade-offs between both. Woodlands could emerge from scrublands colonizing rangelands, and permanent crops could significantly replace arable lands in agricultural areas. Therefore, it is likely that the agricultural areas preferred for sheep, and rangelands preferred for goats, may not be affected by the forecast landscape changes, but rather be favored by the expansion of permanent crops. However, pasture areas must expand, as they are key to pastoral landscape function in a warming climate scenario. Landscape decision makers and managers should implement a landscape-monitoring system to inform policies and strategies aimed at protecting and safeguarding mountain pastoralism and its vital ecosystem services.
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气候边缘的变化:蒙特西尼奥(葡萄牙北部)畜牧业的适应与挑战
山区对降水和温度的变化很敏感,这对传统牧民社区、他们的经济和生活方式产生了重大影响。令人担忧的气候变化情景证明了对葡萄牙山区生态和社会经济脆弱性的调查是合理的。这项工作探索了小反刍动物——绵羊和山羊——的传统生产系统如何在蒙特辛霍山脉适应未来20年的变化。1995年和2018年的土地利用-土地覆盖图显示了田园景观的变化,并指示了未来情景的趋势。记录的景观放牧模式用于确定不同气候条件下绵羊和山羊的景观偏好。最后,我们确定了在不久的将来对传统绵羊和山羊系统的限制,并将景观变化与绵羊和山羊的偏好进行了对比。在未来几十年里,蒙特辛霍山区的牧场和耕地之间的平衡将持续存在,尽管两者之间存在一些权衡。林地可以从开垦牧场的灌木丛中出现,永久性作物可以显著取代农业区的耕地。因此,绵羊喜欢的农业区和山羊喜欢的牧场可能不会受到预测景观变化的影响,而是受到永久作物扩张的青睐。然而,牧场面积必须扩大,因为在气候变暖的情况下,牧场是牧场景观功能的关键。景观决策者和管理者应实施景观监测系统,为旨在保护和保障山区畜牧业及其重要生态系统服务的政策和战略提供信息。
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来源期刊
Mountain Research and Development
Mountain Research and Development 地学-环境科学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
18.80%
发文量
36
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: MRD features three peer-reviewed sections: MountainDevelopment, which contains “Transformation Knowledge,” MountainResearch, which contains “Systems Knowledge,” and MountainAgenda, which contains “Target Knowledge.” In addition, the MountainPlatform section offers International Mountain Society members an opportunity to convey information about their mountain initiatives and priorities; and the MountainMedia section presents reviews of recent publications on mountains and mountain development. Key research and development fields: -Society and culture- Policy, politics, and institutions- Economy- Bio- and geophysical environment- Ecosystems and cycles- Environmental risks- Resource and land use- Energy, infrastructure, and services- Methods and theories- Regions
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