Analysis and Design Procedures of CMOS OTAs Based on Settling Time

Abstract

Analysis of generic single-pole, two-pole, and three-pole operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) is carried out based on settling time. The most important design metrics of the open-loop frequency response, such as the stability margins and the gain-bandwidth product (GBW) are related to the settling time of single-, two- and three-stage OTAs in closed-loop configuration, enabling to present a design procedure for each OTA based on the settling time specifications. Transistor-level design examples are provided for each case to validate the described settling-based design strategies.