Studying Epigenetics of Cardiovascular Diseases on Chip Guide

IF 0.5 Q4 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Cardiogenetics Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI:10.3390/cardiogenetics12030021

B. Alghamdi, Intisar Mahmoud Aljohani, Bandar Ghazi Alotaibi, Muhammad Ahmed, K. Almazmomi, Salman Aloufi, J. Alshamrani

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Abstract

Epigenetics is defined as the study of inheritable changes in the gene expressions and phenotypes that occurs without altering the normal DNA sequence. These changes are mainly due to an alteration in chromatin or its packaging, which changes the DNA accessibility. DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding or microRNAs can best explain the mechanism of epigenetics. There are various DNA methylated enzymes, histone-modifying enzymes, and microRNAs involved in the cause of various CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) such as cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and hypertension. Moreover, various CVD risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypoxia, aging, dyslipidemia, and their epigenetics are also discussed together with CVDs such as CHD (coronary heart disease) and PAH (pulmonary arterial hypertension). Furthermore, different techniques involved in epigenetic chromatin mapping are explained. Among these techniques, the ChIP-on-chip guide is explained with regard to its role in cardiac hypertrophy, a final form of heart failure. This review focuses on different epigenetic factors that are involved in causing cardiovascular diseases.

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心血管疾病表观遗传学芯片研究指南

表观遗传学的定义是研究在不改变正常DNA序列的情况下发生的基因表达和表型的可遗传变化。这些变化主要是由于染色质或其包装的改变，从而改变了DNA的可及性。DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码或微小RNA可以最好地解释表观遗传学的机制。有各种DNA甲基化酶、组蛋白修饰酶和微小RNA参与了各种心血管疾病的病因，如心肌肥大、心力衰竭和高血压。此外，还讨论了各种CVD危险因素，如糖尿病、缺氧、衰老、血脂异常及其表观遗传学，以及CVD，如CHD（冠心病）和PAH（肺动脉高压）。此外，还解释了表观遗传学染色质定位的不同技术。在这些技术中，ChIP芯片指南解释了其在心肌肥大（心力衰竭的最终形式）中的作用。这篇综述的重点是引起心血管疾病的不同表观遗传学因素。

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Cardiogenetics CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-

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