Relative Clauses in Archaic Chinese

IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Journal of Chinese Linguistics Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI:10.1353/jcl.2017.0111
Chen Zhao, Futong Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

As is well known, all relative clauses in Modern Chinese are marked with de. Compared with Modern Chinese, Archaic Chinese seems to have a richer encoding for relative clauses. It has three possible relative markers: zhe, zhi and suo. In this article, we will approach to Archaic Chinese relatives from the perspective of formal syntax. We will argue that zhe is a subject relative pronoun and suo a VP internal relative pronoun, and that zhe- and suo- relatives are derived from the A’-movement of the relevant relative pronoun to the peripheral position, creating an operator-variable relation at LF. Simultaneously, we will use Cecchetto and Donati’s labeling theory to account for a peculiar phenomenon that the same relative pronoun can form both headless and headed relatives. We will further argue that the relative marker zhi, as English that, is an invariant relativizer occupying the C position, and that zhi-relatives involve null operator movement. That is to say, like English type of languages, Archaic Chinese actually involves two separate relativizing strategies: through a relative pronoun or a null operator. The article also contributes to the debate on the analysis of relatives: data from Archaic Chinese favors an Adjunction Analysis to the Raising Analysis (or Complementation Analysis) à la Kayne.
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古代汉语中的关系从句
众所周知,现代汉语中所有的关系从句都标有de。与现代汉语相比,古代汉语对关系从句的编码似乎更丰富。它有三个可能的相对标记:哲、志和索。在这篇文章中,我们将从形式句法的角度来探讨古代汉语的亲属关系。我们认为,“哲”是主词关系代词,“索”是VP内部关系代词,而“哲”和“索”关系是由相关关系代词向周边位置的a’-移动派生而来的,在LF处形成了一种算子-变量关系。同时,我们将使用Cecchetto和Donati的标记理论来解释一个特殊现象,即同一亲属代词可以形成无头亲属和有头亲属。我们将进一步论证相对标记zhi,正如英语中的zhi,是占据C位置的不变相对主义者,并且zhi亲属涉及零算子移动。也就是说,就像英语类型的语言一样,古代汉语实际上涉及两种不同的相对化策略:通过关系代词或零运算符。这篇文章也为亲属分析的争论做出了贡献:来自古代汉语的数据倾向于对抚养分析(或补充分析)的附加分析。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: Journal of Chinese Linguistics (JCL) is an academic journal, which comprises research content from both general linguistics and Chinese linguistics. It is edited by a distinguished editorial board of international expertise. There are two publications: Journal of Chinese Linguistics (JCL) and Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series (JCLMS).
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