Thermal injuries in the Siberian region

Abstract

Introduction. Thermal lesions represent a significant medical and social problem, they are characterized by the duration and high cost of treatment, a significant proportion of the limitation or disability. In Siberian region besides burn injuries, cold injury is common. The purpose of the work was to identify factors influencing the indicators of specialized medical care for patients with thermal injuries in the Siberian region. Materials and methods. The analysis of the reports of the main specialists of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District on the provision of specialized medical care to victims of thermal injuries in 2017 was carried out. Statistical processing was performed using the Microsoft Excel for Windows 10.0 program. Results. The average provision for victims of thermal trauma is 2.8 beds per 100,000 of the district’s population, the turnover rate per 100,000 of the population is 134, the mortality rate is 4.6%. The hospitalization rate for patients with burns per 100,000 populations is 39, with cold injury — 6.0. In the structure of adult patients, non-core patients hospitalized for a “burn” bed occupy 12%. The mortality rate in adults is 10 times higher than in children. For each specialized bed for a patient with thermal injuries, 6.4 beds intensive critical care are required. Over 12% of victims in intensive care units require mechanical ventilation. The rate of anesthetic management per patient varies in subjects by 6 times. Limitations. The study was conducted on the basis of available official statistical data, primary data were not used. Conclusion. Cold trauma has a significant impact on the performance of the medical care system in the Siberian Federal District for patients with the “combustiology” profile. The variability of a number of key parameters in the provision of specialized care for thermal trauma is due to different numbers and densities of the population, the degree of industrialization and the financial capabilities of the region. A significant proportion of those treated in burn hospitals are patients with another (without thermal injury) pathology.