Efficacy and Toxicity of Oxytetracycline in Nubian Goats Infected with T. evansi and on T. Evansi in Phosphate Glucose Buffer Solution (PGS)

Abstract

Eighty of Sudanese Nubian goats divided into eight groups each of ten, seven groups were infected with T. evansi goats in groups 3, 4, and 5 was given Oxy tetracycline (OTC) Intramuscularly (I/M.) at the rate of 20 mg / kg, 50 mg / kg, and 100 mg / kg respectively. Goats in group 6 and 7 were each given the drug I/M weekly at dose rate of 20 mg / kg for three successive weeks or twice/ week for two weeks respectively; while goats in group 8 were given the drug I/M at dose rate of 20 mg / kg daily for 8 days. Goats in groups 1 and 2 were not given the drug but used as control negative and control positive respectively. The parasitaemia in groups 4, 5, 6 and 7 was slight, no death occurred except group 8goats were end with fatal event. The clinical signs, pathological lesions in goats of groups 4,5, 6 and 7 and goats in group 8 showed that they were severely suffered. Results conclude that doses at 50, 100 mg/kg at single I/M and that of 20 mg/kg repeated weekly for weeks were tolerated by the animals and decrease the level of the parasite to a level that the body can overwhelm the infection. Doses of 20 mg/kg daily for 8 days aggravate the condition and appeared toxic and end fatal. At 18 days’ post treatment the parasites were cleared from peripheral blood and liver. The in vitro studies showed that OTC at concentration of 4-15μg/ml killed the parasites completely. Also the concentration at 4-15 cleared the parasite completely at 100% in the peripheral blood of the rats.