A novel multi-element flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur for enhancing the fire safety of epoxy resin composites

IF 1.8 4区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE High Performance Polymers Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI:10.1177/09540083231194706

Junwei Li, Quanyi Liu, Yumei Zhou, Yuming Cai, Kaikai Shi, Haihan Zhao, Yawei Meng, Penglun Zheng

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Abstract

To gain insight into more about how flame retardants containing phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen affect epoxy resin (EPs), a multicomponent flame retardant (Sp-ACDH) containing P/N/S was synthesized from sodium p-aminobenzene sulfonate (Sp-A), cinnamaldehyde and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and applied to epoxy resin. Sp-ACDH enables the epoxy resin to achieve the desired flame retardancy. For example, with the addition of 10 wt% Sp-ACDH, the epoxy composite passed the UL-94 V-0 rating and achieved an LOI of 32.7%. Additionally, Sp-ACDH effectively slowed down EP’s ability to release heat, with EP-15 Sp-ACDH exhibiting a peak heat release rate (PHRR) that was 680 kW/m2 rather than pure EP’s 1204.4 kW/m2. Eventually, the samples were characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) spectra, and the samples were analyzed, it revealed that Sp-ACDH’s flame-retardant properties were active in both the gas and condensed phases.

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一种新型含磷、氮、硫多元阻燃剂提高环氧树脂复合材料的防火安全性

为了深入了解含磷、硫和氮的阻燃剂对环氧树脂的影响，以对氨基苯磺酸钠（Sp-a）、肉桂醛和9，10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷对映菲-10-氧化物（DOPO）为原料，合成了一种含P/N/S的多组分阻燃剂（Sp-ACDH），并将其应用于环氧树脂中。Sp-ACDH使环氧树脂能够实现所需的阻燃性。例如，添加10 wt%的Sp-ACDH后，环氧树脂复合材料通过了UL-94 V-0评级，LOI达到32.7%。此外，Sp-ACDH有效减缓了EP的放热能力，EP-15 Sp-ADCH的峰值放热率（PHRR）为680 kW/m2，而不是纯EP的1204.4 kW/m2。最后，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、拉曼光谱和热重分析傅立叶变换红外光谱（TG-FTIR）对样品进行了表征，并对样品进行分析，结果表明Sp-ACDH的阻燃性能在气相和冷凝相中都是活性的。

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来源期刊

High Performance Polymers 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

14.30%

发文量

106

审稿时长

1.2 months

期刊介绍： Health Services Management Research (HSMR) is an authoritative international peer-reviewed journal which publishes theoretically and empirically rigorous research on questions of enduring interest to health-care organizations and systems throughout the world. Examining the real issues confronting health services management, it provides an independent view and cutting edge evidence-based research to guide policy-making and management decision-making. HSMR aims to be a forum serving an international community of academics and researchers on the one hand and healthcare managers, executives, policymakers and clinicians and all health professionals on the other. HSMR wants to make a substantial contribution to both research and managerial practice, with particular emphasis placed on publishing studies which offer actionable findings and on promoting knowledge mobilisation toward theoretical advances. All papers are expected to be of interest and relevance to an international audience. HSMR aims at enhance communication between academics and practitioners concerned with developing, implementing, and analysing health management issues, reforms and innovations primarily in European health systems and in all countries with developed health systems. Papers can report research undertaken in a single country, but they need to locate and explain their findings in an international context, and in international literature.