Deception detection and question effects: testing truth-default theory predictions in South Korea

Abstract

Meta-analysis has shown that people are only slightly better than chance at distinguishing truths from lies in deception detection experiments. Truth-default theory (TDT), however, specifies multiple paths to lowering and increasing accuracy. The current experiment (n = 81) tested truth-default theory’s proposition 13 and diagnostic questioning module with a student sample from South Korea. The proposition and module predict that how an interviewee is questioned can affect deception detection in both directions, improving or reducing accuracy. Consistent with the original findings, questioning was found to significantly enhance (65%) and reduce (30%) deception-detection accuracy relative to the results of meta-analysis (54%). The current findings provide additional evidence consistent with TDT and replicate prior findings documenting substantial question effect on deception-detection accuracy. The implications of question effects for non-native speakers and intercultural lie detection are discussed.