Coğrafi Bilgi Sistem analizleri ile toprak ve arazi özellikleri üzerine bir çalışma: Türkiye, Iğdır ili arazisi

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the soil and land characteristics of the province of Igdir and to create a database by using geographical data system analysis, which is widely used today. The study area was 3674.42 km2 and the digital elevation model (DEM) of the area was created using 1/25000 scale topographic map from the General Command of Mapping (GCM) in Igdir province, and elevation, slope, aspect and drainage maps were produced. Additionally, by using data and maps from the previous General Directorate of Rural Services and General Directorate of Soil Reform, large soil groups, depth, land use capability classification, problematic soils, water erosion and wind erosion maps were created, and area calculations were made with ArcGIS Pro 2.5 software. As a result, flat and near flat lands were located in the centre, east and north, and mountainous lands with high altitude were located in the west and south of Igdir province. Therefore, slopes were steep in the south and west, and low in the central, east and north parts. The land use capability map consisted of 122040 ha suitable for cultivated agriculture (I-IV class); 211220 ha unsuitable for cultivated agriculture (V-VII class) as grassland; and 29260 ha non-agricultural land. Land with moderate, severe and very severe erosion comprised 16.3%, 27.3% and 25.8%, respectively, for water erosion. Wind erosion affected 36670 ha of land. Igdir has large diversity and variety in terms of soil and land features, despite its small area.