Effect of anode material and dispersal limitation on the performance and biofilm community in microbial electrolysis cells

IF 5.9 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Biofilm Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI:10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100161
Marie Abadikhah , Ming Liu , Frank Persson , Britt-Marie Wilén , Anne Farewell , Jie Sun , Oskar Modin
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Abstract

In a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), the oxidization of organic compounds is facilitated by an electrogenic biofilm on the anode surface. The biofilm community composition determines the function of the system. Both deterministic and stochastic factors affect the community, but the relative importance of different factors is poorly understood. Anode material is a deterministic factor as materials with different properties may select for different microorganisms. Ecological drift is a stochastic factor, which is amplified by dispersal limitation between communities. Here, we compared the effects of three anode materials (graphene, carbon cloth, and nickel) with the effect of dispersal limitation on the function and biofilm community assembly. Twelve MECs were operated for 56 days in four hydraulically connected loops and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to analyse the microbial community composition on the anode surfaces at the end of the experiment. The anode material was the most important factor affecting the performance of the MECs, explaining 54–80 % of the variance observed in peak current density, total electric charge generation, and start-up lag time, while dispersal limitation explained 10–16 % of the variance. Carbon cloth anodes had the highest current generation and shortest lag time. However, dispersal limitation was the most important factor affecting microbial community structure, explaining 61–98 % of the variance in community diversity, evenness, and the relative abundance of the most abundant taxa, while anode material explained 0–20 % of the variance. The biofilms contained nine Desulfobacterota metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), which made up 64–89 % of the communities and were likely responsible for electricity generation in the MECs. Different MAGs dominated in different MECs. Particularly two different genotypes related to Geobacter benzoatilyticus competed for dominance on the anodes and reached relative abundances up to 83 %. The winning genotype was the same in all MECs that were hydraulically connected irrespective of anode material used.

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阳极材料和扩散限制对微生物电解池性能和生物膜群落的影响
在微生物电解池(MEC)中,阳极表面的生电生物膜促进了有机化合物的氧化。生物膜群落的组成决定了系统的功能。确定性因素和随机性因素都会影响社区,但人们对不同因素的相对重要性知之甚少。阳极材料是一个决定性因素,因为具有不同性质的材料可以选择不同的微生物。生态漂移是一个随机因素,由于群落之间的扩散限制而被放大。在这里,我们比较了三种阳极材料(石墨烯、碳布和镍)与扩散限制对功能和生物膜群落组装的影响。在四个液压连接的回路中操作12个MEC 56天,并在实验结束时使用鸟枪宏基因组测序来分析阳极表面的微生物群落组成。阳极材料是影响MEC性能的最重要因素,解释了在峰值电流密度、总电荷产生和启动滞后时间方面观察到的54–80%的变化,而扩散限制解释了10–16%的变化。碳布阳极具有最高的电流产生和最短的滞后时间。然而,扩散限制是影响微生物群落结构的最重要因素,解释了61-98%的群落多样性、均匀性和最丰富类群的相对丰度的差异,而阳极材料解释了0-20%的差异。生物膜包含9个脱硫菌宏基因组组装基因组(MAG),它们占群落的64-89%,可能负责MEC的发电。不同的MAG在不同的MEC中占主导地位。特别是与苯甲酸地理杆菌相关的两种不同基因型在阳极上竞争优势,并达到高达83%的相对丰度。无论使用何种阳极材料,所有液压连接的MEC的获胜基因型都是相同的。
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来源期刊
Biofilm
Biofilm MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
1.50%
发文量
30
审稿时长
57 days
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