A novel approach to measuring the developmental interactions between working memory and inhibitory control in young children

IF 1.8 3区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Cognitive Development Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101362

Christopher Jarrold , Kailing Li , Tengfei Wang

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Abstract

This pre-registered study examined the development of working memory and inhibitory control in a sample of 144 children aged between 3 and 6 years. Two paradigms – one a version of a spatial conflict task, the other a combined continuous performance test and go/no-go task – were adapted to allow the orthogonal manipulation of working memory and inhibitory demands. This allowed for the simultaneous measurement of these functions within each paradigm, removing concerns of task-specific variance and testing an interactive model of executive function that assumes that working memory and inhibition compete for a shared pool of executive resources. In addition, latent working memory and inhibition variables extracted from the tasks were correlated with parental reports of participants’ temperament, including effortful control. The novel experimental tasks successfully and reliably captured developmental and individual differences in working memory and inhibitory control. However, these factors did not interact with one another in an over-additive fashion or correlate meaningfully with parental ratings of effortful control. These findings support the separability of executive functions in this age range while raising important questions about how best to measure the development of executive functioning among young children.

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一种测量幼儿工作记忆与抑制控制之间发展相互作用的新方法

这项预先注册的研究调查了144名年龄在3至6岁之间的儿童的工作记忆和抑制控制的发展。两种范式——一种是空间冲突任务的版本，另一种是连续性能测试和进行/不进行任务的组合——被调整为允许工作记忆和抑制需求的正交操作。这允许在每个范式中同时测量这些功能，消除了对特定任务差异的担忧，并测试了一个执行功能的交互模型，该模型假设工作记忆和抑制竞争共享的执行资源池。此外，从任务中提取的潜在工作记忆和抑制变量与父母对参与者气质的报告相关，包括努力控制。新的实验任务成功可靠地捕捉到了工作记忆和抑制控制方面的发展和个体差异。然而，这些因素并没有以过度相加的方式相互作用，也没有与父母对努力控制的评分有意义地相关。这些发现支持了该年龄段执行功能的可分离性，同时提出了如何最好地衡量幼儿执行功能发展的重要问题。

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来源期刊

Cognitive Development Multiple-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

5.60%

发文量

114

期刊介绍： Cognitive Development contains the very best empirical and theoretical work on the development of perception, memory, language, concepts, thinking, problem solving, metacognition, and social cognition. Criteria for acceptance of articles will be: significance of the work to issues of current interest, substance of the argument, and clarity of expression. For purposes of publication in Cognitive Development, moral and social development will be considered part of cognitive development when they are related to the development of knowledge or thought processes.