How social media disrupts institutions: Exploring the intersection of online disinformation, digital materiality and field-level change

IF 5.7 2区管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Information and Organization Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI:10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100488

Daniel J. Davis , Tammy E. Beck

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Abstract

The diffusion of disinformation via social media has become a pressing societal concern for business leaders and policy makers. In recent years, online disinformation has been implicated as a source of field-level institutional change across a variety of societal contexts. To better understand how online disinformation changes institutional issue fields, we explore how digital materiality affords users opportunities to create and propagate disinformation. We introduce and define three social media material features: modular content, content flow, and manifold network structures. From these digital materiality elements, we articulate three disinformation affordances: crafting, amplifying, and partitioning. We rely on several vignettes – far-right political conspiracy group, QAnon, anti-vaccination (i.e., anti-Vaxxers), and flat Earth beliefs – to illustrate how social media users exploit digital materiality and enact disinformation affordances. Our theoretical development also contributes to our understanding of how online disinformation disrupts institutional issue fields. In particular, we highlight several potential changes to institutional issue fields regarding power centralization, subfield structures, and institutional infrastructure. We conclude by offering recommendations for future research and social media policy.

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社交媒体如何扰乱机构:探索在线虚假信息、数字物质性和现场层面变化的交集

通过社交媒体传播虚假信息已成为商界领袖和政策制定者迫切关注的社会问题。近年来，网络虚假信息被认为是各种社会背景下实地制度变革的来源。为了更好地了解网络虚假信息如何改变机构问题领域，我们探讨了数字物质性如何为用户提供创建和传播虚假信息的机会。我们介绍并定义了三个社交媒体材料特征：模块化内容、内容流和多种网络结构。从这些数字物质性元素中，我们阐明了三种虚假信息的可供性：精心制作、放大和分割。我们依靠几个小插曲——极右翼政治阴谋集团、QAnon、反疫苗接种（即反疫苗接种者）和平地信仰——来说明社交媒体用户如何利用数字物质性并制定虚假信息启示。我们的理论发展也有助于我们理解网络虚假信息如何扰乱制度问题领域。特别是，我们强调了制度问题领域在权力集中、子领域结构和制度基础设施方面的几个潜在变化。最后，我们为未来的研究和社交媒体政策提供了建议。

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来源期刊

Information and Organization Multiple-

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

1.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Advances in information and communication technologies are associated with a wide and increasing range of social consequences, which are experienced by individuals, work groups, organizations, interorganizational networks, and societies at large. Information technologies are implicated in all industries and in public as well as private enterprises. Understanding the relationships between information technologies and social organization is an increasingly important and urgent social and scholarly concern in many disciplinary fields.Information and Organization seeks to publish original scholarly articles on the relationships between information technologies and social organization. It seeks a scholarly understanding that is based on empirical research and relevant theory.

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