Cross-regional assessment of dental pathologies: Evidence for predicting oral health and intra-vitam stress among Ghanaian ancestors

P.S.N.O. Lamptey , P. Charlier
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Abstract

Background and aim

WHO's definition of oral health extends beyond the state of the teeth and dental pathologies. However, dental pathologies form a significant component of oral health and impact a person's quality of life. Thus, dental pathologies can elucidate intra-vitam oral health and dietetics of ancient or contemporary populations. This paper aimed at predicting the oral health and intra-vitam stress of past inhabitants across five regions in Ghana from dental pathologies.

Method

The study employed the mixed research approach involving standard anthropological observational scoring systems to examine five dental pathologies: caries, calculus, abscess, enamel hypoplasia, and cementum hyperplasia. The scores were translated into absent (0)/present (1) pathology categories and the frequency was calculated in an Excel sheet.

Results and discussion

Dental pathologies constituted 60% of the total pathologies recorded on human remains, with calculus being dominant (35%), followed by caries (30%), enamel hypoplasia (21%), abscess (9%), and hypercementosis (7%). In general, the individuals from Sekondi presented the highest percentage of dental pathologies, i.e., 69% caries, 66% calculus, 50% abscess, 44% enamel hypoplasia, and 5% hypercementosis. Begho and Yapei individuals had equal percentages of abscesses, enamel hypoplasia, and calculus, while hypercementosis was relatively low in all cases. More than one individual combined multiple dental pathologies, while 6 had none. Grounded on the high caries and calculus expression rates and their direct influence on other dental pathologies, the individual's oral health could have been compromised by dietary patterns, developmental factors, functional stress on the teeth, and inadequate oral hygiene.

Conclusion

The assessment of the dental pathologies of these Ghanaian ancestors offered valuable insights into dietetics, oral health, and some intra-vitam developmental and functional stress on the teeth.

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牙齿病理的跨区域评估:预测加纳祖先口腔健康和维生素内应激的证据
背景和目的世界卫生组织对口腔健康的定义超越了牙齿状态和牙齿病理学。然而,牙科疾病是口腔健康的重要组成部分,并影响一个人的生活质量。因此,牙科病理学可以阐明古代或当代人群的体内口腔健康和饮食。本文旨在通过牙科病理预测加纳五个地区过去居民的口腔健康和生活压力。方法采用混合研究方法,包括标准的人类学观察评分系统,检查五种牙科病理:龋齿、结石、脓肿、牙釉质发育不全和牙骨质增生。将分数转换为缺席(0)/在场(1)病理学类别,并在Excel表中计算频率。结果和讨论牙齿病理占人类遗骸上记录的全部病理的60%,其中结石占主导地位(35%),其次是龋齿(30%)、牙釉质发育不全(21%)、脓肿(9%)和高胶结物(7%)。总的来说,Sekondi的个体表现出最高比例的牙齿病理,即69%的龋齿、66%的结石、50%的脓肿、44%的牙釉质发育不全和5%的高胶结物。Begho和Yapei个体的脓肿、釉质发育不全和结石的比例相等,而所有病例的高胶结度相对较低。不止一个人患有多种牙科疾病,而6个人没有。基于龋齿和牙石的高表达率及其对其他牙科病理的直接影响,个人的口腔健康可能会受到饮食模式、发育因素、牙齿功能压力和口腔卫生不足的影响。结论对这些加纳祖先的牙齿病理的评估为饮食、口腔健康以及牙齿的一些体内发育和功能压力提供了有价值的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health Medicine-Health Policy
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
107
审稿时长
42 days
期刊介绍: This review aims to compare approaches to medical ethics and bioethics in two forms, Anglo-Saxon (Ethics, Medicine and Public Health) and French (Ethique, Médecine et Politiques Publiques). Thus, in their native languages, the authors will present research on the legitimacy of the practice and appreciation of the consequences of acts towards patients as compared to the limits acceptable by the community, as illustrated by the democratic debate.
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