Enrichment characteristics of potential risk elements in the black soil region of Northeast China

Huimin Dai , Ze Yang , Yihe Zhang , Qiuyan Li , Kai Liu , Nana Fang
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Heavy metals in topsoil mainly originate from the natural geological background and human activities, and once the soil is contaminated with heavy metals, it is difficult to restore it to its original natural state. Therefore, it is important to assess the level of influence of heavy metals in soil to provide information for agricultural production. To clarify the intensity of anthropogenic impact on the soil environment in the black soils region (BSR), we used the geochemical data of 0–20cm topsoil (anthropogenic impact depth) and 150–180cm subsoil(natural background) to analyze the topsoil heavy metal enrichment coefficient for cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic, zinc, nickel, copper, chromium, and their spatial distribution characteristics in BSR . The analysis showed that the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of lead, arsenic, zinc, nickel, copper and chromium are basically less than 2.0 in BSR, and there are only localized points with enrichment coefficients of greater than 2.0. Cadmium and mercury are more obviously enriched in the black soils area, and the enrichment areas are mainly distributed south of Harbin. The mercury enrichment area is distributed in a north–eastward strip along Shenyang, Changchun, and Harbin, and the cadmium enrichment areas are mainly distributed south of Changchun, with a continuous distribution to Tieling City. the enrichment of heavy metals in the topsoil is closely related to the population density by comparing spatial distribution patterns of the geological background, topography and land use, and the obvious enrichment areas for heavy metals are located in and around cities, especially in industrial cities and their surrounding areas. The enrichment depth of 40 cm is further evidence that the heavy metals in topsoil mainly originate from human activities.

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东北黑土区潜在风险元素富集特征
表层土中的重金属主要来源于自然地质背景和人类活动,一旦土壤被重金属污染,就很难恢复到原来的自然状态。因此,评估土壤中重金属的影响程度,为农业生产提供信息是很重要的。为了阐明人类活动对黑土区土壤环境的影响强度,我们利用0–20cm表层土(人为影响深度)和150–180cm下层土(自然背景)的地球化学数据,分析了表层土中镉、汞、铅、砷、锌、镍、铜、铬、,以及它们在BSR中的空间分布特征。分析表明,BSR中铅、砷、锌、镍、铜和铬的重金属富集系数基本小于2.0,只有局部富集系数大于2.0的点。黑土区镉、汞富集较为明显,富集区主要分布在哈尔滨以南。汞富集区沿沈阳、长春、哈尔滨呈北东带状分布,镉富集区主要分布在长春以南,并向铁岭市连续分布。通过比较地质背景、地形和土地利用的空间分布格局,表层土中重金属的富集程度与人口密度密切相关,城市及其周边地区尤其是工业城市及其周边区域是重金属富集的明显区域。40厘米的富集深度进一步证明表层土壤中的重金属主要来源于人类活动。
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