Fabrication of vulcanized cross-linked polystyrene grafted on carbon nanotubes for use as an advanced lithium host

IF 5.7 3区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science New Carbon Materials Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/S1872-5805(23)60745-0
Xian-lan Ke , Yu-heng Lu , Jin-lun Wu , Ding-cai Wu
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Abstract

We report the fabrication of vulcanized cross-linked polystyrene grafted on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as an advanced three-dimensional Li host. First, polystyrene was grafted from Br-modified CNTs to form brush-like structure by surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization. Polystyrene grafted on carbon nanotubes was then cross-linked using a Friedel-Crafts reaction and finally vulcanized with sulfur. Vulcanized cross-linked polystyrene grafted on carbon nanotubes was used as a support for the Li metal, and its macro-, meso- and microporous structure increased Li ion transport, buffered the volume changes of the Li anode, and provided a high specific surface area to reduce local current density, which assisted rapid and uniform Li plating/stripping. At the same time, the homogenously distributed sulfur in the support reacted with Li to produce a Li2S-containing SEI layer, while the CNTs provided conductive pathways for the rapid transmission of electrons. As a result, a Li|Li symmetric cell using this anode material and a Cu current collector had a stable cycling performance of more than 500 h at a current density of 1 mA cm−2. When LiFePO4 was used as the cathode, a full cell had a high discharge capacity of 101 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 77% after 600 cycles at 1 C.

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接枝碳纳米管的硫化交联聚苯乙烯的制备
我们报道了在碳纳米管(CNTs)上接枝硫化交联聚苯乙烯作为先进的三维Li主体的制备。首先,通过表面引发的原子转移自由基聚合,将溴化碳纳米管接枝到聚苯乙烯上,形成刷状结构。然后使用Friedel-Crafts反应将接枝在碳纳米管上的聚苯乙烯交联,并最终用硫硫化。将接枝在碳纳米管上的硫化交联聚苯乙烯用作锂金属的载体,其宏观、中微观和微孔结构增加了锂离子的传输,缓冲了锂阳极的体积变化,并提供了高比表面积以降低局部电流密度,这有助于快速、均匀地镀/剥离锂。同时,载体中均匀分布的硫与Li反应,产生含有Li2S的SEI层,而CNT为电子的快速传输提供了导电途径。因此,使用这种阳极材料和Cu集电器的Li|Li对称电池在1 mA cm−2的电流密度下具有超过500小时的稳定循环性能。当使用LiFePO4作为阴极时,全电池具有101 mAh g−1的高放电容量,在1℃下600次循环后容量保持率为77%。
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来源期刊
New Carbon Materials
New Carbon Materials MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
8.80%
发文量
3245
审稿时长
5.5 months
期刊介绍: New Carbon Materials is a scholarly journal that publishes original research papers focusing on the physics, chemistry, and technology of organic substances that serve as precursors for creating carbonaceous solids with aromatic or tetrahedral bonding. The scope of materials covered by the journal extends from diamond and graphite to a variety of forms including chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbons, carbon fibers, carbynes, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. The journal's objective is to showcase the latest research findings and advancements in the areas of formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbon materials. Additionally, the journal includes papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials, such as carbon-carbon composites, derived from the aforementioned carbons. Research papers on organic substances will be considered for publication only if they have a direct relevance to the resulting carbon materials.
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