Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies and associated risk factors among pregnant women consulted in three health centers in Dschang, Cameroon

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00306

Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia , Lemogo Giresse Nino , Yamssi Cédric , Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul , Ngongang Ouankou Christian , Djeussi Doriane Esther , Noumedem Kenfack Jaures Arnaud , Nenba Daga Aimé , Kamga Fouamno Henri Lucien

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan responsible for one of the most common congenital infections in the world. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis in pregnant women consulted in three health centers in the city of Dschang.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted, with a total of 242 participants. A questionnaire was administered after obtaining the free and informed consent of the participants. Blood sample was collected to assay IgG and IgM antibodies specific to Toxoplasma gondii using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and potential risk factors were evaluated with the administration questionnaire using a binary logistic regression model. Statistical significance was measured at P < 0.05.

Results

The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 82.7%,with a seroprevalence of toxoplasma IgG of 62.8% (152), that of IgM at 11.6% (28) and that of IgG/IgM at 8.3% (20). The Saint Vincent Paul Hospital had a seroprevalence of 43.8% IgG and 8.7% IgM; followed by the Dschang District Hospital (11.6% IgG and 2.1% IgM). The seroprevalence of toxoplasma IgG (35.5%) and IgM (6.2%) was higher in multiparous pregnant women, and in the group of women who performed their first toxoplasmosis serology in the first trimester of pregnancy, 70 (28.9%), 9 (3.7%) respectively for IgG and IgM. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the possession of a cat at home or its presence in the neighborhood, the consumption of undercooked or uncooked meat and having a history of blood transfusion were found to be statistically significant risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis seroprevalence among pregnant women.

Conclusion

The present study revealed a high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis. Given this high seroprevalence, screening for toxoplasmosis in women of childbearing age should be encouraged.

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在喀麦隆德尚的三个保健中心咨询的孕妇中弓形虫IgG和IgM抗体的血清阳性率及相关危险因素

弓形虫病是由弓形虫引起的人畜共患病，弓形虫是一种专性细胞内原生动物，是世界上最常见的先天性感染之一。本研究旨在确定在Dschang市三个卫生中心咨询的孕妇弓形虫病的血清流行率和相关危险因素。方法本研究是一项横断面研究，共有242名参与者。在获得参与者的自由和知情同意后进行问卷调查。采集血样，使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）试剂盒检测弓形虫特异性IgG和IgM抗体，并使用二元逻辑回归模型通过给药问卷评估潜在风险因素。统计显著性在P<；0.05。结果弓形虫病的总血清患病率为82.7%，其中弓形虫IgG的血清患病率是62.8%（152），IgM为11.6%（28），IgG/IgM为8.3%（20）。圣文森特-保罗医院的血清IgG阳性率为43.8%，IgM阳性率为8.7%；其次是Dschang区医院（11.6%的IgG和2.1%的IgM）。弓形虫IgG（35.5%）和IgM（6.2%）的血清患病率在多胎孕妇中较高，在妊娠早期进行第一次弓形虫血清学检查的妇女组中，IgG和IgM分别为70（28.9%）和9（3.7%）。多元逻辑回归分析表明，家里养猫或附近有猫、食用未煮熟或未煮熟的肉以及有输血史是与孕妇弓形虫病血清流行率相关的统计学显著风险因素。结论弓形虫病血清阳性率较高。鉴于这种高血清流行率，应鼓励对育龄妇女进行弓形虫病筛查。

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.