Revising the EPA dilution-attenuation soil screening model for PFAS

IF 6.6 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Journal of hazardous materials letters Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI:10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100077
Mark L. Brusseau , Bo Guo
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been shown to be ubiquitous in the environment, and one issue of critical concern is the leaching of PFAS from soil to groundwater. The risk posed by contaminants present in soil is often assessed in terms of the anticipated impact to groundwater through the determination of soil screening levels (SSLs). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established a soil screening model for determining SSLs. However, the model does not consider the unique retention properties of PFAS and, consequently, the SSLs established with the model may not represent the actual levels that are protective of groundwater quality. The objective of this work is to revise the standard EPA SSL model to reflect the unique properties and associated retention behavior of PFAS. Specifically, the distribution parameter used to convert soil porewater concentrations to soil concentrations is revised to account for adsorption at the air-water interface. Example calculations conducted for PFOS and PFOA illustrate the contrasting SSLs obtained with the revised and standard models. A comparison of distribution parameters calculated for a series of PFAS of different chain length shows that the significance of air-water interfacial adsorption can vary greatly as a function of the specific PFAS. Therefore, the difference between SSLs calculated with the revised versus standard models will vary as a function of the specific PFAS, with greater differences typically observed for longer-chain PFAS. It is anticipated that this revised model will be useful for developing improved SSLs that can be used to enhance site investigations and management for PFAS-impacted sites.

Synopsis

The widely used EPA SSL model is revised for PFAS applications to account for adsorption at the air-water interface.

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修正EPA对PFAS的稀释衰减筛分模型
已证明全氟磺酸和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)在环境中无处不在,其中一个严重关切的问题是PFAS从土壤向地下水的浸出。土壤中存在的污染物所构成的风险通常通过确定土壤筛选水平(SSLs)来评估对地下水的预期影响。美国环境保护署(EPA)建立了一种土壤筛选模型来确定土壤中SSLs。然而,该模型没有考虑到PFAS独特的保留特性,因此,用该模型建立的SSLs可能不能代表保护地下水质量的实际水平。这项工作的目的是修订标准EPA SSL模型,以反映PFAS的独特性质和相关的保留行为。具体来说,用于将土壤孔隙水浓度转换为土壤浓度的分布参数进行了修正,以考虑空气-水界面的吸附。对全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸进行的算例计算说明了修正模型和标准模型所得到的SSLs的对比。对不同链长PFAS的分布参数进行了比较,结果表明,不同类型的PFAS对空气-水界面吸附的影响差异很大。因此,修正模型与标准模型计算的SSLs之间的差异将随着特定PFAS的函数而变化,对于长链PFAS通常观察到更大的差异。预期这个修订后的模型将有助于发展更完善的安全证书,以加强受pfas影响地点的现场调查和管理。广泛使用的EPA SSL模型针对PFAS应用进行了修订,以考虑空气-水界面的吸附。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of hazardous materials letters
Journal of hazardous materials letters Pollution, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
20 days
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