Electronic structure regulation of noble metal-free materials toward alkaline oxygen electrocatalysis

IF 42.9 Q1 ELECTROCHEMISTRY eScience Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.esci.2023.100141
Xia Wang , Minghao Yu , Xinliang Feng
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Developing highly efficient, inexpensive catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis in alkaline electrolytes (i.e., the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER)) is essential for constructing advanced energy conversion techniques (such as electrolyzers, fuel cells, and metal–air batteries). Recent achievements in efficient noble metal-free ORR and OER catalysts make the replacement of conventional noble metal counterparts a realistic possibility. In particular, various electronic structure regulation strategies have been employed to endow these oxygen catalysts with attractive physicochemical properties and strong synergistic effects, providing significant fundamental understanding to advance in this direction. This review article summarizes recently developed electronic structure regulation strategies for three types of noble metal-free oxygen catalysts: transition metal compounds, single-atom catalysts, and metal-free catalysts. We begin by briefly presenting the basic ORR and OER reaction mechanisms, following this with an analysis of the fundamental relationship between electronic structure and intrinsic electrocatalytic activity for the three categories of catalysts. Subsequently, recent advances in electronic structure regulation strategies for noble metal-free ORR and OER catalysts are systematically discussed. We conclude by summarizing the remaining challenges and presenting our outlook on the future for designing and synthesizing noble metal-free oxygen electrocatalysts.

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无贵金属材料对碱性氧电催化的电子结构调控
开发高效、廉价的碱性电解质氧电催化催化剂(即氧还原反应(ORR)和析氧反应(OER))对于构建先进的能量转换技术(如电解槽、燃料电池和金属-空气电池)至关重要。最近在高效的无贵金属ORR和OER催化剂方面取得的成就使取代传统的贵金属催化剂成为现实的可能性。特别是,各种电子结构调控策略的应用使这些氧催化剂具有吸引人的物理化学性质和强大的协同效应,为这一方向的发展提供了重要的基础认识。本文综述了过渡金属化合物、单原子催化剂和无金属催化剂三种贵金属无氧催化剂的电子结构调控策略。我们首先简要介绍了基本的ORR和OER反应机理,然后分析了这三类催化剂的电子结构与本征电催化活性之间的基本关系。随后,系统地讨论了无贵金属ORR和OER催化剂的电子结构调控策略的最新进展。最后总结了目前存在的挑战,并对未来无贵金属氧电催化剂的设计和合成进行了展望。
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