The acute effects of diet-induced energy restriction on physical activity energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate in men and women with overweight and obesity

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Human Nutrition and Metabolism Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200185
Matevz Arcon , John Malone , Karen L. Barton , Joel Rocha
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Abstract

Introduction

Reductions in physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and basal metabolic rate (BMR) have been proposed as factors that may hinder diet-induced body mass loss. Although diet-mediated changes in PAEE and BMR are subject to large inter-individual variability, research investigating the impact of sex on diet-induced modulation of PAEE and BMR is lacking. Therefore, this study examined the effect of a diet-induced energy restriction on PAEE and BMR in non-exercising overweight and obese men and women.

Methods

Eleven women (Age: 25 ± 7 yr; BMI: 29.7 ± 4.2 kg/m2) and eight men (Age 29.6 ± 4.0 yr; BMI: 29.7 ± 4.0 kg/m2) completed a 29-day investigation. Assessment of physical activity (PA) (PAEE and step count), BMR, body composition, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and fasting blood glucose (FBG) occurred on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29. Between days 15–22, participants consumed a liquid diet formula equivalent to 50% of their total daily energy expenditure (TDEE). The effects of time, sex and their interaction on all variables were assessed through a two-way mixed model ANOVA.

Results

Both men and women achieved a modest 3% body mass loss at the end of the intervention week. An effect of time was detected for body mass (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), body fat % (p = 0.001), SBP (p = 0.007), DBP (p = 0.033) and BG (p < 0.001). There was a time and sex interaction for body mass (p = 0.002), BMI (p = 0.002) and body fat % (p = 0.043). Sex differences were only present for body fat % (p = 0.001) and BMR (p < 0.001). No main or interaction effects were present for PAEE and step count.

Conclusion

In the present study, a 7-day diet-induced energy restriction of 50% did not elicit compensatory changes in PAEE and BMR in overweight and obese men and women. Findings suggest that it may be a viable short-term strategy to produce initial reductions in body mass and body fat %, with improvements in fasting blood glucose and resting blood pressure.

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饮食诱导的能量限制对超重和肥胖男性和女性身体活动、能量消耗和基础代谢率的急性影响
体力活动能量消耗(PAEE)和基础代谢率(BMR)的减少被认为是可能阻碍饮食引起的体重减少的因素。虽然饮食介导的PAEE和BMR的变化受到很大的个体差异的影响,但关于性别对饮食诱导的PAEE和BMR调节的影响的研究尚缺乏。因此,本研究考察了饮食引起的能量限制对非运动超重和肥胖男性和女性PAEE和BMR的影响。方法6例女性(年龄:25±7岁;BMI: 29.7±4.2 kg/m2),男性8例(年龄29.6±4.0岁;BMI: 29.7±4.0 kg/m2),完成29天的调查。在第1、8、15、22和29天评估身体活动(PA) (PAEE和步数)、BMR、体成分、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)和空腹血糖(FBG)。在第15-22天之间,参与者消耗了相当于其每日总能量消耗(TDEE) 50%的液体饮食配方。时间、性别及其相互作用对所有变量的影响通过双向混合模型方差分析进行评估。结果:在干预周结束时,男性和女性的体重都减少了3%。时间对体重有影响(p <0.001), BMI (p <0.001),体脂% (p = 0.001), SBP (p = 0.007),菲律宾(p = 0.033)和BG (p & lt;0.001)。体重(p = 0.002)、BMI (p = 0.002)和体脂率(p = 0.043)存在时间和性别交互作用。性别差异仅存在于体脂% (p = 0.001)和BMR (p <0.001)。PAEE和步数不存在主效应或交互效应。结论:在本研究中,7天饮食诱导的能量限制为50%不会引起超重和肥胖男性和女性PAEE和BMR的代偿性变化。研究结果表明,这可能是一种可行的短期策略,可以初步降低体重和体脂率,同时改善空腹血糖和静息血压。
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来源期刊
Human Nutrition and Metabolism
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
30
审稿时长
188 days
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