Linfoma intraocular primario: características clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento

IF 0.2 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Revista Medica Clinica Las Condes Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.rmclc.2023.09.005

Estefanía Caraccioli , Rodrigo Anguita

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Abstract

Primary intraocular lymphoma is a high-grade malignant lymphoid neoplasm, a subtype of central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas. It is mostly a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Approximately 19% of cases debut simultaneously with CNS involvement. There are two variants: uveal lymphoma and vitreoretinal lymphoma, with the latter being the most frequent and aggressive. Its diagnosis presents a challenge, as it behaves like uveitis, which delays the diagnostic suspicion. Due to limitations in vitreous cytological study, a series of complementary tests exist to support the diagnosis: immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, measurement of interleukins IL-6 and IL-10, among others. Several treatment alternatives have been established, but the focus is on intravitreal chemotherapy, which can be combined with systemic chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Despite advances in the diagnostic process, the prognosis remains poor. This review aims to characterize primary ocular lymphoma to enhance our understanding of this condition and enable early diagnostic suspicion.

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原发性眼内淋巴瘤:临床特征、诊断和治疗

原发性眼内淋巴瘤是一种高度恶性淋巴肿瘤，是中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的一种亚型。它主要是一种弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤。大约19%的病例与中枢神经系统受累同时出现。有两种变体：葡萄膜淋巴瘤和玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤，后者是最常见和最具侵袭性的。它的诊断是一个挑战，因为它的行为就像葡萄膜炎，从而推迟了诊断怀疑。由于玻璃体细胞学研究的局限性，存在一系列辅助测试来支持诊断：免疫组织化学、流式细胞术、白细胞介素IL-6和IL-10的测量等。已经确定了几种治疗方案，但重点是玻璃体内化疗，可以与全身化疗或放疗相结合。尽管诊断过程取得了进展，但预后仍然很差。这篇综述旨在描述原发性眼部淋巴瘤的特征，以增强我们对这种情况的理解，并使早期诊断成为可能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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