{"title":"Youth Exposure to Endemic Community Gun Violence: A Systematic Review","authors":"Pilar Bancalari, Marni Sommer, Sonali Rajan","doi":"10.1007/s40894-022-00178-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Community gun violence persists as a daily reality for many youth in low-income urban communities. While most gun violence research has focused on the direct victims of firearm homicide, exploration into the broader public health repercussions of community gun violence on youth has lagged. This systematic review aimed to synthesize and critically assess the state of evidence on indirect exposure to community gun violence among low-income urban youth in the U.S. PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, and SCOPUS were searched for peer-reviewed articles exploring the scope, risk factors, and impacts of community gun violence exposure on this population. Of the 143 studies identified and screened, 13 studies were ultimately included. The broad themes emerging include (1) a lack of consensus regarding the range of experiences that constitute community gun violence, (2) exposure to violence involving a firearm as distinct from that with other weapons, (3) a need to conceptualize multiple dimensions of gun violence exposure, (4) differential impacts of exposure to community gun violence across developmental stages, and (5) how indirect gun violence exposure uniquely contributes to cycles of community violence. Future research must move toward a consistent typology, multidimensional conceptualization, and developmental- and context-specific examination of community gun violence exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45912,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Research Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"11","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Adolescent Research Review","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40894-022-00178-5","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Abstract
Community gun violence persists as a daily reality for many youth in low-income urban communities. While most gun violence research has focused on the direct victims of firearm homicide, exploration into the broader public health repercussions of community gun violence on youth has lagged. This systematic review aimed to synthesize and critically assess the state of evidence on indirect exposure to community gun violence among low-income urban youth in the U.S. PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, and SCOPUS were searched for peer-reviewed articles exploring the scope, risk factors, and impacts of community gun violence exposure on this population. Of the 143 studies identified and screened, 13 studies were ultimately included. The broad themes emerging include (1) a lack of consensus regarding the range of experiences that constitute community gun violence, (2) exposure to violence involving a firearm as distinct from that with other weapons, (3) a need to conceptualize multiple dimensions of gun violence exposure, (4) differential impacts of exposure to community gun violence across developmental stages, and (5) how indirect gun violence exposure uniquely contributes to cycles of community violence. Future research must move toward a consistent typology, multidimensional conceptualization, and developmental- and context-specific examination of community gun violence exposure.
社区枪支暴力仍然是低收入城市社区许多年轻人的日常现实。虽然大多数枪支暴力研究都集中在枪支杀人的直接受害者身上,但对社区枪支暴力对青少年更广泛的公共卫生影响的探索却滞后。本系统综述旨在综合并批判性地评估美国低收入城市青年间接暴露于社区枪支暴力的证据状况。PubMed、Web of Science、ProQuest和SCOPUS检索了同行评议的文章,探讨了社区枪支暴力暴露对这一人群的范围、风险因素和影响。在确定和筛选的143项研究中,最终纳入了13项研究。出现的广泛主题包括(1)对构成社区枪支暴力的经验范围缺乏共识,(2)接触涉及枪支的暴力与其他武器的暴力不同,(3)需要概念化枪支暴力暴露的多个维度,(4)不同发展阶段接触社区枪支暴力的不同影响,以及(5)间接枪支暴力如何独特地促进社区暴力循环。未来的研究必须朝着一个一致的类型学,多维概念化,发展和特定环境的社区枪支暴力暴露的检查。
期刊介绍:
Adolescent Research Review publishes articles that review important contributions to the understanding of adolescence. The Review draws from the many subdisciplines of developmental science, psychological science, education, criminology, public health, medicine, social work, and other allied disciplines that address the subject of youth and adolescence. The editors are especially interested in articles that bridge gaps between disciplines or that focus on topics that transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. Reviews must be cutting edge and comprehensive in the way they advance science, practice or policy relating to adolescents.