Co-optation without representation: The relationship between the Bolivian state and the indigenous organization CONAMAQ

IF 0.8 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Latin American Policy Pub Date : 2023-02-18 DOI:10.1111/lamp.12286
Pavlína Springerová, Barbora Vališková
{"title":"Co-optation without representation: The relationship between the Bolivian state and the indigenous organization CONAMAQ","authors":"Pavlína Springerová,&nbsp;Barbora Vališková","doi":"10.1111/lamp.12286","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The goal of this article is to examine the process of institutionalization of the Bolivian indigenous organization National Council of Ayllus and Markas of Qullasuyu from its birth until 2019, and its consequences on the dynamics of organization. This organization, as one of the key indigenous representatives in Bolivia, went through its internal crisis under the second Movement for Socialism government led by the president of indigenous origin Evo Morales Ayma. The division and demobilization of the organization in this crisis seems paradoxical considering Morales’ indigenous origin and the anticolonial programmatic agenda that resulted in increasing numbers of indigenous people in state power structures. This paradox of organization crisis in times of indigenous rule and increasing indigenous political representation will be explored by means of process tracing method, to explain the relationship between institutionalization of the organization and its dynamics. For that purpose, the differentiation between institutionalization (substantive representation) and co-optation (descriptive representation) will be made to reveal if the demobilization of the National Council organization stems from the perceived effectiveness of institutional ways of representation in the sense of satisfying the organization's demands or was caused by state actors’ strategies to mitigate its challengers through co-optation and patronage.</p><p>El objetivo de este artículo es examinar el proceso de institucionalización de la organización indígena boliviana CONAMAQ desde su nacimiento hasta 2019, y sus consecuencias en la dinámica de la organización. CONAMAQ, como el clave representante de los indígenas en Bolivia, pasó por su crisis interna bajo el segundo gobierno masista (Movimiento al Socialismo) liderado por el presidente de origen indígena Evo Morales Ayma. Su crisis, reflejada en la división y desmovilización de la organización, parece paradójica considerando el origen de Morales, así como su agenda programática anticolonial que resultó en el creciente número de representantes indígenas en las estructuras estatales de poder. Esta paradoja de la crisis de organización en tiempos de gobierno indígena y creciente representación política de los pueblos indígenas será explorada mediante el método de “process tracing”, con el objetivo de explicar la relación entre institucionalización de la organización y su dinámica. Con este propósito la institucionalización (representación substantiva) será distinguida de la cooptación (representación descriptiva) para revelar si la desmovilización del CONAMAQ surge de la efectividad de las vías institucionales de representación, en el sentido del cumplimiento de las demandas del CONAMAQ, o es causada por las estrategias de los actores estatales para apaciguar sus desafiadores mediante cooptación y patronaje.</p><p>本文旨在分析玻利维亚土著组织(CONAMAQ)从诞生到2019年的制度化进程,及其对组织动态的影响。该组织作为玻利维亚主要的土著代表之一,在土著总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯·艾玛领导的第二次社会主义政府运动中经历了内部危机。考虑到莫拉莱斯的土著血统和导致越来越多的土著人进入国家权力结构的反殖民纲领性议程,该组织在这场危机中的分裂和遣散似乎是自相矛盾的。本文使用过程追踪法探究这种在土著统治和土著政治代表增加的时期发生的组织危机悖论,以解释组织制度化与其动态之间的关系。为此,将区分制度化(实质性代表)和增选(描述性代表),以揭示国民议会组织的解散是否源于代表的制度方式(即满足组织要求)的感知有效性,还是源于国家行动者的策略(即通过增选和赞助来削弱挑战者)。</p>","PeriodicalId":42501,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Policy","volume":"14 1","pages":"46-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Latin American Policy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/lamp.12286","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"POLITICAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The goal of this article is to examine the process of institutionalization of the Bolivian indigenous organization National Council of Ayllus and Markas of Qullasuyu from its birth until 2019, and its consequences on the dynamics of organization. This organization, as one of the key indigenous representatives in Bolivia, went through its internal crisis under the second Movement for Socialism government led by the president of indigenous origin Evo Morales Ayma. The division and demobilization of the organization in this crisis seems paradoxical considering Morales’ indigenous origin and the anticolonial programmatic agenda that resulted in increasing numbers of indigenous people in state power structures. This paradox of organization crisis in times of indigenous rule and increasing indigenous political representation will be explored by means of process tracing method, to explain the relationship between institutionalization of the organization and its dynamics. For that purpose, the differentiation between institutionalization (substantive representation) and co-optation (descriptive representation) will be made to reveal if the demobilization of the National Council organization stems from the perceived effectiveness of institutional ways of representation in the sense of satisfying the organization's demands or was caused by state actors’ strategies to mitigate its challengers through co-optation and patronage.

El objetivo de este artículo es examinar el proceso de institucionalización de la organización indígena boliviana CONAMAQ desde su nacimiento hasta 2019, y sus consecuencias en la dinámica de la organización. CONAMAQ, como el clave representante de los indígenas en Bolivia, pasó por su crisis interna bajo el segundo gobierno masista (Movimiento al Socialismo) liderado por el presidente de origen indígena Evo Morales Ayma. Su crisis, reflejada en la división y desmovilización de la organización, parece paradójica considerando el origen de Morales, así como su agenda programática anticolonial que resultó en el creciente número de representantes indígenas en las estructuras estatales de poder. Esta paradoja de la crisis de organización en tiempos de gobierno indígena y creciente representación política de los pueblos indígenas será explorada mediante el método de “process tracing”, con el objetivo de explicar la relación entre institucionalización de la organización y su dinámica. Con este propósito la institucionalización (representación substantiva) será distinguida de la cooptación (representación descriptiva) para revelar si la desmovilización del CONAMAQ surge de la efectividad de las vías institucionales de representación, en el sentido del cumplimiento de las demandas del CONAMAQ, o es causada por las estrategias de los actores estatales para apaciguar sus desafiadores mediante cooptación y patronaje.

本文旨在分析玻利维亚土著组织(CONAMAQ)从诞生到2019年的制度化进程,及其对组织动态的影响。该组织作为玻利维亚主要的土著代表之一,在土著总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯·艾玛领导的第二次社会主义政府运动中经历了内部危机。考虑到莫拉莱斯的土著血统和导致越来越多的土著人进入国家权力结构的反殖民纲领性议程,该组织在这场危机中的分裂和遣散似乎是自相矛盾的。本文使用过程追踪法探究这种在土著统治和土著政治代表增加的时期发生的组织危机悖论,以解释组织制度化与其动态之间的关系。为此,将区分制度化(实质性代表)和增选(描述性代表),以揭示国民议会组织的解散是否源于代表的制度方式(即满足组织要求)的感知有效性,还是源于国家行动者的策略(即通过增选和赞助来削弱挑战者)。

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
无代表共同选举:玻利维亚国家与土著组织全国土著人民大会之间的关系
本条的目的是审查玻利维亚土著组织Ayllus和Markas de Qullasuyu全国委员会从成立到2019年的体制化进程及其对组织动态的影响。该组织是玻利维亚的主要土著代表之一,在土著血统总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯·艾玛领导的第二次社会主义政府运动下,经历了内部危机。考虑到莫拉莱斯的土著血统和导致国家权力结构中土著人民人数增加的反殖民方案议程,该组织在这场危机中的分裂和复员似乎是自相矛盾的。将通过过程追踪方法探索土著规则时代组织危机和增加土著政治代表性的这一悖论,以解释该组织的体制化与其动态之间的关系。为此,将区分制度化(实质性代表)和共同选择(描述性代表),以揭示全国理事会组织的复员是否源于从满足组织需求的意义上认为机构代表方式的有效性,还是由国家行为者通过共同选择和雇主减轻其挑战的战略造成的。本文的目的是审查玻利维亚土著组织CONAMAQ从成立到2019年的体制化进程及其对该组织动态的影响。科纳马克作为玻利维亚土著人民的关键代表,在土著裔总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯·艾玛领导的第二届群众政府(社会主义运动)领导下经历了内部危机。考虑到莫拉莱斯的起源及其反殖民的方案议程,导致国家权力结构中土著代表人数增加,他的危机反映在该组织的分裂和复员中,这似乎是自相矛盾的。将通过“过程追踪”方法探索土著政府和土著人民日益增加的政治代表性时期组织危机的这一悖论,目的是解释组织制度化与其动态之间的关系。为此,将制度化(实质性代表)与招募(描述性代表)区分开来,以揭示CONAMAQ的复员是否源于机构代表渠道的有效性,即满足CONAMAQ的要求,或者是由国家行为者通过招募和赞助来安抚挑战者的策略引起的拉拉·齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐齐导致越散似乎(y)和-还击国际家庭行动主义者)
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Latin American Policy
Latin American Policy POLITICAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
20.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Latin American Policy (LAP): A Journal of Politics and Governance in a Changing Region, a collaboration of the Policy Studies Organization and the Escuela de Gobierno y Transformación Pública, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Santa Fe Campus, published its first issue in mid-2010. LAP’s primary focus is intended to be in the policy arena, and will focus on any issue or field involving authority and polities (although not necessarily clustered on governments), agency (either governmental or from the civil society, or both), and the pursuit/achievement of specific (or anticipated) outcomes. We invite authors to focus on any crosscutting issue situated in the interface between the policy and political domain concerning or affecting any Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) country or group of countries. This journal will remain open to multidisciplinary approaches dealing with policy issues and the political contexts in which they take place.
期刊最新文献
Inequality and Convergence in Latin American Regional Trade Agreements Assessing Latin America's Trade Blocs and Social Policies in Andean and Southern Cone Countries, and Considering Cuban Politics Programmatic Ideas Adopted Through Policy Diffusion in the Design of the Human Development Bonus (HDB) in Ecuador Variations in Design, But Similar Effects: Social Participation in the Andean Community, Mercosur, and the Central American Integration System Issue Information
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1