The sodium glucose co-transporter2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin reduce risk of hospitalization

Abstract

Increased evidence has emerged regarding the cardio- and renal protective effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. However, this class of therapy is also associated with potential increased risk of adverse effects–namely genito-urinary tract infection, dehydration and rarely, increased risks of DKA. Despite these potential adverse effects, little is known about their effects on hospitalization from any cause, especially in people with type 2 diabetes without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. A recent sub-analysis of the DECLARE-TIMI trial assessed the effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, on the risks of hospitalisations for any cause and for specific causes in people with type 2 diabetes with and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Between 2013 and 2018, 17 160 people were enrolled in the original trial, of whom 10 186 had multiple risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and 6835 had both no evidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and low kidney disease risk. According to the results, dapagliflozin was associated with a lower risk of first non-elective hospitalization for any cause and total non-elective hospitalisations for any cause. The association between dapagliflozin use and the risk of first non-elective hospitalization for any cause was consistent in subgroups of participants with and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease at baseline. In addition, compared with the placebo group, the dapagliflozin group had lower risk of first hospitalisations due to cardiac disorders, metabolism and nutrition disorders, renal and urinary disorders, and due to any other cause excluding these three causes. Treatment with dapagliflozin was also associated with a lower risk of hospitalisations due to musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders and infections. These findings might have important implications on health-related quality of life for people with type 2 diabetes and on health-care costs attributable this condition.