The spatial distribution of population in Spain: An anomaly in European perspective

IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Journal of Regional Science Pub Date : 2023-02-19 DOI:10.1111/jors.12638
Eduardo Gutiérrez, Enrique Moral-Benito, Daniel Oto-Peralías, Roberto Ramos
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Abstract

We exploit the GEOSTAT 2011 population grid with a very high 1 km2 resolution to document that Spain presents the lowest density of settlements among European countries. Only a small fraction of the Spanish territory is inhabited, particularly in its southern half, which goes hand in hand with a high degree of population concentration. We uncover through standard regression analysis and spatial regression discontinuity that this anomaly cannot be accounted for by adverse geographic and climatic conditions. The second part of the paper takes a historical perspective on Spain's settlement patterns by showing that the spatial distribution of the population has been very persistent in the last two centuries, and that the abnormally low density of settlements with respect to European neighbors was already visible in the 19th century, which indicates that this phenomenon has not emerged recently as a consequence of the transformations associated with industrialization and tertiarization. Using data on ancient sites, we find that Spain did not feature scarcity of settlements in comparison to other countries in premedieval times, suggesting that its current anomalous settlement pattern has not always existed and is, therefore, not intrinsic to its geography.

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西班牙人口的空间分布:欧洲视角下的反常现象
我们利用GEOSTAT 2011人口网格 平方公里决议,以证明西班牙是欧洲国家中定居点密度最低的国家。西班牙领土上只有一小部分有人居住,特别是在其南半部,这与人口高度集中密切相关。我们通过标准回归分析和空间回归不连续性发现,不利的地理和气候条件无法解释这种异常。论文的第二部分从历史的角度考察了西班牙的定居模式,表明人口的空间分布在过去两个世纪一直非常持久,相对于欧洲邻国,定居密度异常低的现象在19世纪就已经很明显了,这表明,这一现象最近并不是由于工业化和三次工业化的转变而出现的。利用古代遗址的数据,我们发现,与战前的其他国家相比,西班牙并没有出现定居点稀缺的特点,这表明其目前的异常定居点模式并不总是存在,因此也不是其地理所固有的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
54
期刊介绍: The Journal of Regional Science (JRS) publishes original analytical research at the intersection of economics and quantitative geography. Since 1958, the JRS has published leading contributions to urban and regional thought including rigorous methodological contributions and seminal theoretical pieces. The JRS is one of the most highly cited journals in urban and regional research, planning, geography, and the environment. The JRS publishes work that advances our understanding of the geographic dimensions of urban and regional economies, human settlements, and policies related to cities and regions.
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