Sucrose-mediated formation and adhesion strength of Streptococcus mutans biofilms on titanium

IF 5.9 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Biofilm Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI:10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100143
Laura J. Waldman , Tony Butera , James D. Boyd , Martha E. Grady
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Biofilms consist of bacterial cells surrounded by a matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), which protects the colony from many countermeasures, including antibiotic treatments. Growth and formation of bacterial biofilms are affected by nutrients available in the environment. In the oral cavity, the presence of sucrose affects the growth of Streptococcus mutans that produce acids that erode enamel and form dental caries. Biofilm formation on dental implants commonly leads to severe infections and can restrict osseointegration necessary for the implant to be successful. This work determines the effect of sucrose concentration on biofilm EPS formation and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans, a common oral colonizer, to titanium substrates simulating common dental implants. Biofilm formation and profiles are visualized at high magnification with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Large mounds and complex structures consisting of bacterial cells and EPS can be seen in biofilms at sucrose concentrations that are favorable for biofilm growth. The laser spallation technique is used to apply stress wave loading to the biofilm, causing the biofilm to delaminate at a critical tensile stress threshold. The critical tensile stress threshold is the adhesion strength. Because laser spallation applies the stress loading to the rear of the substrate, bulk adhesion properties of the biofilm can be determined despite the heterogenous composition and low cohesion strength of the biofilm. Statistical analysis reveals that adhesion strength of biofilms initially increase with increasing sucrose concentration and then decrease as sucrose concentration continues to increase. The adhesion strength of bacterial biofilms to the substrate in this study is compared to the adhesion of osteoblast-like cells to the same substrates published previously. When sucrose is present in the biofilm growth environment, S. mutans adhesion is higher than that of the osteoblast-like cells. Results of this study suggest sucrose-mediated S. mutans biofilms may outcompete osteoblasts in terms of adhesion during osseointegration, which could explain higher rates of peri-implant disease associated with high sugar diets. Further studies demonstrating adhesion differentials between biofilms and cells including co-cultures are needed and motivated by the present work.

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蔗糖介导的变形链球菌生物膜在钛表面的形成及粘附强度
生物膜由细菌细胞组成,细胞外聚合物(EPS)基质包围着细菌细胞,可以保护菌落免受许多对抗措施的影响,包括抗生素治疗。细菌生物膜的生长和形成受到环境中可用营养物质的影响。在口腔中,蔗糖的存在会影响变形链球菌的生长,变形链球菌会产生腐蚀牙釉质和形成龋齿的酸。种植体上的生物膜形成通常会导致严重感染,并可能限制种植体成功所需的骨整合。这项工作确定了蔗糖浓度对生物膜EPS形成的影响,以及变形链球菌(一种常见的口腔定植剂)与模拟常见牙科植入物的钛基质的粘附。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)在高倍率下观察生物膜的形成和剖面。在有利于生物膜生长的蔗糖浓度下,生物膜中可以看到由细菌细胞和EPS组成的大土堆和复杂结构。激光剥落技术用于对生物膜施加应力波载荷,导致生物膜在临界拉伸应力阈值下分层。临界拉伸应力阈值是粘附强度。由于激光剥落将应力载荷施加到基底的后部,因此尽管生物膜的组成不均匀且内聚强度低,但仍可以确定生物膜的整体粘附性能。统计分析表明,生物膜的粘附强度最初随蔗糖浓度的增加而增加,然后随着蔗糖浓度的持续增加而降低。本研究中细菌生物膜对基质的粘附强度与先前发表的成骨细胞样细胞对相同基质的粘附力进行了比较。当蔗糖存在于生物膜生长环境中时,变形链球菌的粘附力高于成骨细胞样细胞。这项研究的结果表明,蔗糖介导的变异链球菌生物膜在骨整合过程中的粘附力可能超过成骨细胞,这可以解释高糖饮食导致种植体周围疾病的发生率更高的原因。目前的工作需要进一步的研究来证明生物膜和细胞之间的粘附差异,包括共培养物。
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来源期刊
Biofilm
Biofilm MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
1.50%
发文量
30
审稿时长
57 days
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