Global Solutions to Multi-dimensional Topological Euler Alignment Systems

Abstract

We present a systematic approach to regularity theory of the multi-dimensional Euler alignment systems with topological diffusion introduced in [35]. While these systems exhibit flocking behavior emerging from purely local communication, bearing direct relevance to empirical field studies, global and even local well-posedness has proved to be a major challenge in multi-dimensional settings due to the presence of topological effects. In this paper we reveal two important classes of global smooth solutions—parallel shear flocks with incompressible velocity and stationary density profile, and nearly aligned flocks with close to constant velocity field but arbitrary density distribution. Existence of such classes is established via an efficient continuation criterion requiring control only on the Lipschitz norm of state quantities, which makes it accessible to the applications of fractional parabolic theory. The criterion presents a major improvement over the existing result of [28], and is proved with the use of quartic paraproduct estimates.