Human values and basic philosophical beliefs

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2022.100944

Johannes A. Karl , Ronald Fischer

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Objectives

We present the first investigation into the relationship between basic human values and two core lay-belief systems: Free-Will and Mind-Body beliefs.

Methods

We gathered data from two samples (Total N = 509) responding to measures on basic human values, mind-body beliefs, and free-will beliefs.

Results

We found that basic values were substantially related to lay-perceptions about mind-body distinctions and beliefs about free-will. Specifically, we found that Self-Enhancement and Conservatism values were positively related to Monist and Deterministic Beliefs. Interestingly, we found that participants that endorsed Self-Enhancement and Conservatism values were more likely to integrate opposing beliefs and also endorsed Dualistic and Free-Will beliefs, albeit to a lesser extent. Finally, we found that Openness was positively related to both beliefs about mind-body Emergentism and Free-Will.

Conclusions

Overall, our study provides new insights for linking philosophy and psychology, specifically by linking lay philosophical attitudes high-level abstract beliefs and how they may be linked to motivational goals.

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人类价值观和基本哲学信仰

目的:本研究首次探讨了人类基本价值观与两种核心的非专业信仰体系:自由意志信仰和身心信仰之间的关系。方法收集两个样本(总N = 509)的基本价值观、身心信念和自由意志信念测试数据。结果我们发现，基本价值观与外行对身心差别的认知和对自由意志的信念有很大的关系。具体而言，我们发现自我提升和保守主义价值观与一元论和决定论信仰正相关。有趣的是，我们发现认同自我提升和保守价值观的参与者更有可能整合相反的信仰，也更有可能认同二元论和自由意志信仰，尽管程度较低。最后，我们发现开放性与心身涌现和自由意志的信念呈正相关。总的来说，我们的研究为哲学和心理学的联系提供了新的见解，特别是通过将非专业哲学态度与高级抽象信念联系起来，以及它们如何与动机目标联系起来。

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