Le alterazioni del cavo orale negli utenti in carico ai servizi di assistenza domiciliare: un’indagine di prevalenza

D. Calamassi , C. Baldini , S. Niccolini , C. Perra , E. Rinaldini , M. Poli , T. Nannelli
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Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of oral mucosal disorders and mouth hygienic conditions of the users in charge of home care services to a Tuscan Health Company.

Materials and methods

Four hundred eight users were included, their mouth has been observed and an oral interview has been performed. Patients were observed by home care nurses, because there is no dental hygienist in home care services. Home care nurses were trained by a dentist, who thought them how to reveal signs of oral mucosal disorders. They were equipped with a LEAD torch, which facilitated the observation.

Results

Twenty-one percent of the patients had inflammatory lesions localized to the oral mucosa and 3.3% had lesions of uncertain nature. 17.6% presented alterations related to teeth. Almost half of the patients had low levels of oral hygiene.

Conclusions

The data of prevalence of oral alterations suggest the need to increase the awareness of health professions about oral care and the need of specific services in mouth hygiene in home care.

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家庭护理服务用户口腔线的改变:流行调查
目的了解托斯卡纳某健康公司家庭护理服务人员口腔黏膜疾病患病率及口腔卫生状况。材料与方法采用口腔观察法和口头访谈法对448名用户进行口腔观察。病人由家庭护理护士观察,因为在家庭护理服务中没有牙科保健员。家庭护理护士由牙医培训,牙医教他们如何发现口腔黏膜紊乱的迹象。他们配备了铅手电筒,这便于观察。结果21%的患者有局限于口腔黏膜的炎性病变,3.3%的患者有性质不确定的炎性病变。17.6%出现与牙齿有关的改变。几乎一半的患者口腔卫生水平较低。结论口腔病变发生率的调查结果表明,需要提高卫生专业人员的口腔保健意识,需要在家庭护理中提供专门的口腔卫生服务。
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