Point out the two main factors of caries prevention nowadays: a not cariogenic diet and fluoride.
A literature revision was performed using Pubmed and Medline databases and the Cochrane Library.
To prevent tooth decay effectively the collaboration with patient is necessary. The patient is required to make life-styles modifications and adopt good habits as far as nutrition and hygiene are concerned. Preventive evidence-based strategies tailored to the caries risk status of each patient must be implemented.
This analysis reviews the key evidence on chlorhexidine-based anti-bacterial mouthwash available in medical literature. The possible role of chlorexidine in oral hygiene is also discussed.
After a careful review of the body of literature on chlorhexidine in different populations of patients, the Working Group has identified the most important studies, with a particular focus on experimental clinical trials.
This study suggests, on the basis of available evidence, a wider use of chlorexidine in oral hygiene, as an addition to standard tooth brushing. Moreover, further research in the field is advocated, including randomized clinical trials and observational studies conducted in a real-life scenario, aimed at further characterize the effectiveness and safety of chlorexidine.
This work is to deepen the knowledge on the use of slow-release products in the treatment of peri-implantitis.
There were considered different clinical studies that have used slow-release antibiotics and the results were evaluated. The selection of articles was done trying randomized trials and relevant review articles comparing the antimicrobial agents and treatment of peri-implantitis. The key words used: peri-implantitis, anti-bacterial agents, minocycline, chlorexidine, periodontal therapy.
The combination of non-surgical treatment with local antibiotics has improved significantly the depth of pocket compared to conventional treatment alone.
The use of products with slow release does not replace the instrumental therapy, but remains a valid therapeutic support.
The aim of this work consists in presenting the results obtained from a qualitative and quantitative analysis of bacterial plaque in patients in orthodontic surgical treatment.
Seventy-five patients of both sexes (aged 21–41 years) were studied. Samples of plaque were obtained from lingual surfaces of tooth 46 at the first appointment (T1), the day before surgical intervention (T2), during intermaxillary fixation (T3), at the removal of the orthodontic appliance (T4) and after one year from the removal of the fixed appliance (T5). Samples of plaque were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively, analysing plaque index, total coccoid and bacillary forms and Gram positive and Gram negative forms for each sample.
A slight decrease of the plaque index and total bacillary and coccoid forms between the first sample (T1) and the one taken the day before surgical intervention (T2) was recognised. During intermaxillary fixation (T3), a slight increase of the plaque index was evidenced. Between T3 and T4 another reduction of the plaque index (that reached 8%) was noticed. The plaque index was lower in T4 (8%) than in T2 (14%). From the fourth to the fifth sampling, performed after a year, there was a further general improvement of the plaque index: indeed, in 51 patients out of 75 (68%) the plaque index decreased, while in 24 patients there was a slight increase that did not exceed 10% compared with the previous sampling.
Patients in orthodontic surgical treatment, after a proper training, show a significant reduction of bacterial plaque between the first appointment and the following ones. Bacterial forms diminish. Also during intermaxillary fixation, when mechanical plaque control is compromised, it is possible to plan a plaque control through mouthwashes containing hydrolitic enzymes with destranasic activity.
The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of oral mucosal disorders and mouth hygienic conditions of the users in charge of home care services to a Tuscan Health Company.
Four hundred eight users were included, their mouth has been observed and an oral interview has been performed. Patients were observed by home care nurses, because there is no dental hygienist in home care services. Home care nurses were trained by a dentist, who thought them how to reveal signs of oral mucosal disorders. They were equipped with a LEAD torch, which facilitated the observation.
Twenty-one percent of the patients had inflammatory lesions localized to the oral mucosa and 3.3% had lesions of uncertain nature. 17.6% presented alterations related to teeth. Almost half of the patients had low levels of oral hygiene.
The data of prevalence of oral alterations suggest the need to increase the awareness of health professions about oral care and the need of specific services in mouth hygiene in home care.
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