Prenatal interventions and the development of childhood obesity

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pediatric Obesity Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI:10.1111/ijpo.12981

Sara Fortin-Miller, Brendel Plonka, Heather Gibbs, Danielle Christifano, Holly Hull

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Abstract

Background

Excess maternal adiposity during pregnancy has lasting effects on child outcomes including increased risk of overweight/obesity, which drives disease development. Prenatal interventions are a potential avenue to curb childhood obesity rates, but little is known on their long-term influence on offspring adiposity.

Objective

Review the evidence for lasting effects of prenatal interventions on child adiposity.

Methods

Three databases were searched for follow-up studies of completed prenatal RCTs that involved a diet, exercise, or combined (diet and exercise) intervention, and assessed offspring adiposity-related outcomes beyond birth.

Results

A total of 18 follow-up studies describing 4277 offspring were included. Anthropometrics were collected in all studies while body composition was measured in 15 of the studies. Diet or exercise interventions did not have a consistent significant effect on child adiposity. Three combined interventions resulted in lower levels of child adiposity at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Conclusions

No strong association was found between prenatal diet, exercise, or combined interventions and child adiposity. Data are limited due to 63.6% overall retention rate for the follow-up studies and heterogeneity of intervention approach and child adiposity measures. Findings suggest combined interventions initiated early in pregnancy may decrease offspring adiposity in the first year of life.

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产前干预和儿童肥胖的发展

背景怀孕期间母亲过度肥胖会对儿童结局产生持久影响，包括超重/肥胖风险增加，从而推动疾病发展。产前干预是抑制儿童肥胖率的潜在途径，但对其对后代肥胖的长期影响知之甚少。目的回顾产前干预对儿童肥胖持续影响的证据。方法从三个数据库中检索已完成的产前随机对照试验的随访研究，包括饮食、运动或(饮食和运动)联合干预，并评估后代出生后的肥胖相关结局。结果共纳入18项随访研究，共4277例子代。所有研究都收集了人体测量数据，其中15项研究测量了身体成分。饮食或运动干预对儿童肥胖没有一致的显著影响。三种联合干预导致儿童在3、6和12个月时的肥胖水平较低。结论:产前饮食、运动或联合干预与儿童肥胖之间没有很强的关联。由于随访研究的总保留率为63.6%以及干预方法和儿童肥胖措施的异质性，数据受到限制。研究结果表明，在怀孕早期开始的联合干预可能会减少婴儿出生后第一年的肥胖。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Obesity PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

117

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large. Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following: Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.