The Magnetic and Color Reflectance Properties of Hematite: From Earth to Mars

IF 25.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Reviews of Geophysics Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI:10.1029/2020RG000698
Zhaoxia Jiang, Qingsong Liu, Andrew P. Roberts, Mark J. Dekkers, Vidal Barrón, José Torrent, Sanzhong Li
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引用次数: 21

Abstract

Hematite is a canted antiferromagnet with reddish color that occurs widely on Earth and Mars. Identification and quantification of hematite is conveniently achieved through its magnetic and color properties. Hematite characteristics and content are indispensable ingredients in studies of the iron cycle, paleoenvironmental evolution, paleogeographic reconstructions, and comparative planetology (e.g., Mars). However, the existing magnetic and color reflectance property framework for hematite is based largely on stoichiometric hematite and tends to neglect the effects of cation substitution, which occurs widely in natural hematite and influences the physical properties of hematite. Thus, magnetic parameters for stoichiometric hematite are insufficient for complete analysis of many natural hematite occurrences and can lead to ambiguous geological interpretations. Remagnetization, which occurs pervasively in red beds, is another ticklish problem involving hematite. Understanding red bed remagnetization requires investigation of hematite's formation and remanence recording mechanisms. We elaborate on the influence of cation substitution on the magnetic and color spectral properties of hematite, and on identifying hematite and quantifying its content in soils and sediments. Studies of remagnetization mechanisms are discussed, and we summarize methods to discriminate between primary and secondary remanences carried by hematite in natural samples to aid primary remanence extraction in partially remagnetized red beds. Although there remain unknown properties and unresolved issues that require future work, recognition of the properties of cation-substituted hematite and remagnetization mechanisms for hematite will aid identification and interpretation of the magnetic signals that it carries, which is environmentally important and responsible for magnetic signals on Earth and Mars.

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赤铁矿的磁性和颜色反射特性:从地球到火星
赤铁矿是一种倾斜的反铁磁体,呈红色,广泛存在于地球和火星上。利用赤铁矿的磁性和色性,方便了赤铁矿的鉴定和定量。赤铁矿的特征和含量是铁循环、古环境演化、古地理重建和比较行星学(如火星)研究中不可缺少的组成部分。然而,现有的赤铁矿磁性和色反射率框架主要基于化学计量赤铁矿,往往忽略了阳离子取代的影响,而阳离子取代在天然赤铁矿中广泛存在,并影响赤铁矿的物理性质。因此,化学计量赤铁矿的磁性参数不足以对许多天然赤铁矿产状进行完整分析,并可能导致模棱两可的地质解释。在红层中普遍发生的再磁化是另一个涉及赤铁矿的棘手问题。了解红层再磁化需要对赤铁矿的形成和残留记录机制进行研究。本文阐述了阳离子取代对赤铁矿磁性和色谱性质的影响,以及对土壤和沉积物中赤铁矿的鉴定和定量的影响。本文讨论了再磁化机理的研究,总结了天然样品中赤铁矿携带原生和次生剩余物的区分方法,以帮助在部分再磁化的红层中提取原生剩余物。虽然仍有未知的性质和未解决的问题需要未来的工作,但认识到阳离子取代赤铁矿的性质和赤铁矿的再磁化机制将有助于识别和解释它所携带的磁性信号,这对环境很重要,对地球和火星上的磁性信号负责。
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来源期刊
Reviews of Geophysics
Reviews of Geophysics 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
50.30
自引率
0.80%
发文量
28
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Geophysics Reviews (ROG) offers comprehensive overviews and syntheses of current research across various domains of the Earth and space sciences. Our goal is to present accessible and engaging reviews that cater to the diverse AGU community. While authorship is typically by invitation, we warmly encourage readers and potential authors to share their suggestions with our editors.
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