Climate change impacts on Mediterranean vegetation are amplified at low altitudes

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Global Ecology and Biogeography Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI:10.1111/geb.13682

Arne Saatkamp, Olivier Argagnon, Virgile Noble, Marie Finocchiaro, Eric Meineri

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Aim

In the face of ongoing climate warming, we wanted to quantify impacts on vegetation at one of the major climatic and biogeographical boundaries of Europe, the limit between the Mediterranean and Eurosiberian biogeographical regions. We analyse temperature and moisture requirements of plants along altitudinal gradients at regional scale in the period 1980–2020 and we explore if changes coincide with observed changes in the same regions in terms of measured climatic data.

Location

Southern France.

Time period

1980–2020.

Taxa

Vascular plants.

Methods

We calculated shifts in plants’ temperature and moisture requirements for a large floristic database from south-eastern France (SIMETHIS) during the period 1980–2020 along altitudinal gradients by using ecological indicator values (EIV). Additionally, we analysed standardized weather station data from the same area and period, to investigate whether floristic changes are synchronized with climate changes.

Results

Vegetation data suggest a linear increase in temperature requirements of plant communities from 1980 to 2020 with a greater change at low altitudes. Upward shifts in temperature requirements coincided with observed climate change although warming did not show a general trend towards greater increases at low altitudes. Data on vegetation and climate suggest an upward shift of respectively 150 and 300 m for the boundary between Mediterranean and temperate belts. Moisture requirements of vegetation indicate an increase of the frequency of dry adapted species at low altitudes but an increase towards higher moisture requirements at high altitudes. Comparing vegetation responses with climate data suggests that responses are faster at low altitudes.

Main conclusions

Our analyses show that strong general changes in vegetation are underway and highlight faster responses of vegetation to warming in low altitudes compared to high altitudes and demonstrate the need for reliable data on vegetation and climate changes, especially on water balance.

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气候变化对地中海植被的影响在低海拔地区被放大

面对持续的气候变暖，我们希望量化对欧洲主要气候和生物地理边界之一的植被的影响，即地中海和欧洲西伯利亚生物地理区域之间的界限。本文分析了1980-2020年区域尺度上植物对温度和水分的需求，并根据实测气候数据探讨了这些变化是否与同一区域观测到的变化相吻合。地点:法国南部。1980-2020年。分类群维管植物。方法利用法国东南部大型植物区系数据库(SIMETHIS)，利用生态指标值(EIV)计算1980-2020年植物温度和水分需求沿海拔梯度的变化。此外，我们还分析了来自同一地区和同一时期的标准化气象站数据，以探讨植物区系变化是否与气候变化同步。结果1980 ~ 2020年，植物群落对温度的需求呈线性增加，低海拔地区变化较大。温度需求的上升与观测到的气候变化一致，尽管在低海拔地区，变暖并没有显示出更大的增加的总体趋势。关于植被和气候的资料表明，地中海带和温带带的分界线分别向上移动了150米和300米。植被对水分的需要量表明，低海拔地区干适应物种的频率增加，而高海拔地区对水分的需要量增加。将植被响应与气候数据进行比较表明，低海拔地区的响应速度更快。我们的分析表明，植被正在发生强烈的总体变化，并突出表明，与高海拔地区相比，低海拔地区植被对变暖的响应更快，并表明需要可靠的植被和气候变化数据，特别是水平衡数据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

170

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.