The good initial response to therapy with a combination of traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs is sustained over time: The eleven-year results of the Finnish rheumatoid arthritis combination therapy trial

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the evolution of functional and clinical outcomes over 11 years in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) initially treated with a combination of 3 disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or with a single DMARD.

Methods

A cohort of 199 patients with early active RA were initially randomized to receive treatment with a combination of methotrexate, sulfasalazine, and hydroxychloroquine with prednisolone or treatment with a single DMARD (initially, sulfasalazine) with or without prednisolone. After 2 years, the drug treatment strategy became unrestricted, but still targeted remission. At 11 years, function was assessed with the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and clinical outcomes were assessed with the modified Minimal Disease Activity (MDA) measure and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for remission.

Results

At 11 years, 138 patients were assessed (68 in the combination-DMARD group and 70 in the single-DMARD group). The mean ± SD HAQ scores were 0.34 ± 0.54 in the combination-DMARD group and 0.38 ± 0.58 in the single-DMARD group (P = 0.88). Modified MDA was achieved by 63% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 51, 77) and by 43% (95% CI 32, 55) (P = 0.016) of the combination-DMARD group and the single-DMARD group, respectively, and ACR remission by 37% (95% CI 26, 49) and by 19% (95% CI 11, 29) (P = 0.017), respectively.

Conclusion

Initial therapy with a combination of DMARDs in early RA results in higher rates of patients achieving modified MDA and strict ACR remission even over the long term than initial single-DMARD therapy. Targeting remission with tight clinical controls results in good functional and clinical outcomes in most RA patients.