Methane Mitigation: Methods to Reduce Emissions, on the Path to the Paris Agreement

IF 25.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Reviews of Geophysics Pub Date : 2020-01-14 DOI:10.1029/2019RG000675
E. G. Nisbet, R. E. Fisher, D. Lowry, J. L. France, G. Allen, S. Bakkaloglu, T. J. Broderick, M. Cain, M. Coleman, J. Fernandez, G. Forster, P. T. Griffiths, C. P. Iverach, B. F. J. Kelly, M. R. Manning, P. B. R. Nisbet-Jones, J. A. Pyle, A. Townsend-Small, A. al-Shalaan, N. Warwick, G. Zazzeri
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引用次数: 134

Abstract

The atmospheric methane burden is increasing rapidly, contrary to pathways compatible with the goals of the 2015 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Paris Agreement. Urgent action is required to bring methane back to a pathway more in line with the Paris goals. Emission reduction from “tractable” (easier to mitigate) anthropogenic sources such as the fossil fuel industries and landfills is being much facilitated by technical advances in the past decade, which have radically improved our ability to locate, identify, quantify, and reduce emissions. Measures to reduce emissions from “intractable” (harder to mitigate) anthropogenic sources such as agriculture and biomass burning have received less attention and are also becoming more feasible, including removal from elevated-methane ambient air near to sources. The wider effort to use microbiological and dietary intervention to reduce emissions from cattle (and humans) is not addressed in detail in this essentially geophysical review. Though they cannot replace the need to reach “net-zero” emissions of CO2, significant reductions in the methane burden will ease the timescales needed to reach required CO2 reduction targets for any particular future temperature limit. There is no single magic bullet, but implementation of a wide array of mitigation and emission reduction strategies could substantially cut the global methane burden, at a cost that is relatively low compared to the parallel and necessary measures to reduce CO2, and thereby reduce the atmospheric methane burden back toward pathways consistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement.

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甲烷减排:在达成《巴黎协定》的道路上减少排放的方法
大气中的甲烷负担正在迅速增加,这与2015年《联合国气候变化框架公约》《巴黎协定》的目标背道而驰。需要采取紧急行动,使甲烷排放回到更符合巴黎目标的道路上。过去十年来,技术进步极大地提高了我们定位、识别、量化和减少排放的能力,大大促进了化石燃料工业和垃圾填埋场等“可处理”(更容易缓解)人为来源的减排。减少农业和生物质燃烧等“棘手”(更难缓解)人为来源排放的措施受到的关注较少,而且也变得更加可行,包括从排放源附近的高浓度甲烷环境空气中去除。使用微生物和饮食干预来减少牛(和人类)排放的更广泛的努力,在这篇本质上是地球物理学的综述中没有详细讨论。虽然它们不能取代实现二氧化碳“净零”排放的需要,但甲烷负担的显著减少将缓解实现任何特定未来温度限制所需的二氧化碳减排目标所需的时间尺度。没有什么灵丹妙药,但实施一系列广泛的缓解和减排战略可以大幅减少全球甲烷负担,而成本与减少二氧化碳的平行和必要措施相比相对较低,从而将大气甲烷负担减少到与《巴黎协定》目标相一致的道路上。
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来源期刊
Reviews of Geophysics
Reviews of Geophysics 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
50.30
自引率
0.80%
发文量
28
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Geophysics Reviews (ROG) offers comprehensive overviews and syntheses of current research across various domains of the Earth and space sciences. Our goal is to present accessible and engaging reviews that cater to the diverse AGU community. While authorship is typically by invitation, we warmly encourage readers and potential authors to share their suggestions with our editors.
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