P.P. Lehr, E. Hernández-Montes, J. Ludwig-Müller, M. Keller, C. Zörb
{"title":"Abscisic acid and proline are not equivalent markers for heat, drought and combined stress in grapevines","authors":"P.P. Lehr, E. Hernández-Montes, J. Ludwig-Müller, M. Keller, C. Zörb","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12523","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\n \n <p>Viticulture will be particularly affected by increasing drought and heat waves in the future. It is of interest to find traits that indicate stress before symptoms become apparent. We investigated whether the commonly used traits, proline and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, are suitable markers for heat, drought or combined stress and whether gene expression of key enzymes of ABA biosynthesis is regulated in grapevine leaves under these stress conditions.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\n \n <p>Plant growth and gas exchange were measured to evaluate plant reactions to increased temperature and water deficit. Proline and ABA concentration in leaf material was measured, respectively, photometrically and with GC/MS. Gene expression analysis of <i>NCED1</i>, <i>NCED2</i> and <i>P5CS</i> was done by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Drought stress had a stronger effect on growth, gas exchange, proline, and ABA biosynthesis than heat stress. An interaction between heat and drought stress was observed for gas exchange and for proline biosynthesis.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Proline concentration and gene expression of <i>P5CS</i> are good markers for combined stress. The concentration of ABA is a suitable marker for drought stress and might be a suitable marker for combined stress. Gene expression of <i>NCED1</i> in leaves was a good marker for drought stress and might be a suitable marker for combined stress, whereas <i>NCED2</i> was not suitable.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\n \n <p>These results provide insight into the response of grapevines to heat, drought and combined stress and show the suitability of ABA and proline as stress markers.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajgw.12523","citationCount":"14","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajgw.12523","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Abstract
Background and Aims
Viticulture will be particularly affected by increasing drought and heat waves in the future. It is of interest to find traits that indicate stress before symptoms become apparent. We investigated whether the commonly used traits, proline and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, are suitable markers for heat, drought or combined stress and whether gene expression of key enzymes of ABA biosynthesis is regulated in grapevine leaves under these stress conditions.
Methods and Results
Plant growth and gas exchange were measured to evaluate plant reactions to increased temperature and water deficit. Proline and ABA concentration in leaf material was measured, respectively, photometrically and with GC/MS. Gene expression analysis of NCED1, NCED2 and P5CS was done by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Drought stress had a stronger effect on growth, gas exchange, proline, and ABA biosynthesis than heat stress. An interaction between heat and drought stress was observed for gas exchange and for proline biosynthesis.
Conclusions
Proline concentration and gene expression of P5CS are good markers for combined stress. The concentration of ABA is a suitable marker for drought stress and might be a suitable marker for combined stress. Gene expression of NCED1 in leaves was a good marker for drought stress and might be a suitable marker for combined stress, whereas NCED2 was not suitable.
Significance of the Study
These results provide insight into the response of grapevines to heat, drought and combined stress and show the suitability of ABA and proline as stress markers.
期刊介绍:
The Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research provides a forum for the exchange of information about new and significant research in viticulture, oenology and related fields, and aims to promote these disciplines throughout the world. The Journal publishes results from original research in all areas of viticulture and oenology. This includes issues relating to wine, table and drying grape production; grapevine and rootstock biology, genetics, diseases and improvement; viticultural practices; juice and wine production technologies; vine and wine microbiology; quality effects of processing, packaging and inputs; wine chemistry; sensory science and consumer preferences; and environmental impacts of grape and wine production. Research related to other fermented or distilled beverages may also be considered. In addition to full-length research papers and review articles, short research or technical papers presenting new and highly topical information derived from a complete study (i.e. not preliminary data) may also be published. Special features and supplementary issues comprising the proceedings of workshops and conferences will appear periodically.