Nyugati életszabály, keleti ihletettség a 6. század eleji latin szerzetesség világából

Abstract

Amongst the early Latin, pre-benedictine monastic legislative texts there is a rule called “Regula Orientalis” conserved in the Codex Regularum of Saint Benedict of Aniane. Although it says nothing about its author and the community it was written to, it is easy to discover that its text quotes a lot from the Latin version of Saint Pachomius’ Rule translated by Saint Jerome and from an other source very close to the early rules of Lerins, particularly to the so called Second rule of the Fathers. The Regula Orientalis is a detailed presentation of the most important monastic charges beginning with to abbot and the prior arriving to the doorkeeper and the kitchen service. According to the theory of A. de Vogue, one of the greatest scholars of the early western monasticism, the Regula Orientalis was born in the first decades of the 6th century in Gaul, maybe in a monastery in the Jura mountains, and it is a fusion between the lost rule of Lerins written by abbot Marinus and the pachomian institutions. The article presents the first Hungarian translation of the rule followed by a study of its major features and of its possible dating.