GEOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF FORMATION, SEARCH AND PROGNOSIS OF UKRAINIAN AMBER-SUCCINITE

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the geological and geographical features of the transformation of resin secretions of conifers during the transition from living matter to inanimate (mineral) in the process of several stages of fossilization; formation of succinite-amber placers, as well as substantiation of prognosis assessment of prospects for discovery of new deposits and amber manifestations in the context of their ecologically safe and ecologically expedient extraction. The natural-geographical paleocomplexes of the south-eastern part of the Baltic-Dnieper amber-bearing province in the Eocene-Oligocene are characterized, which caused the accumulation of primary biogenic-sedimentary deposits of resin secretions (proto-amber) and conditions of formation of weeds of different ages. These placers are divided by genesis into indigenous, coastal, marine and estuarine delta and delta of the first intermediate reservoirs, formed in the post-Buchach period - late Middle - Late Eocene and early Oligocene and continental polygenetic placers due to in the late Oligocene, Neogene and Anthropogenic. It has been established that the root source of succinite amber in Ukraine was biogenic sedimentary deposits of resin secretions of vegetation characteristic of the central part of modern Ukraine, while in foreign literature it is believed that the main source of Ukrainian amber is its transfer from Scandinavia by coastal banks or river streams and glaciers from the Baltics. The substantiation of the prognosis of new industrial deposits of amber-succinite discovery in Ukraine is stated. Attention is paid to the problem of development of valuable gem deposits - illegal amber mining, the negative consequences of which are considered as manifestations of natural geological processes.