Biochemical and physiological responses of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] to nickel toxicity

IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Bragantia Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1678-4499.20200152
A. M. Einhardt, S. Ferreira, F. Rodrigues
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Despite the crucial role of nickel (Ni) in the plant metabolism, small increases in its concentration can cause leaf tissues injury. This study identified the highest dose of Ni foliar-applied that does not cause toxicity to soybean plants. Plants were sprayed with five Ni doses (0, 30, 60, 120, and 240 g·ha-1). At 1, 3, and 5 days after spray (DAS), the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide (O2 -), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and photosynthetic pigments concentrations, antioxidant enzymes activities, and gas exchange and chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence parameters were determined. Symptoms of Ni toxicity started at 120 g·ha-1 Ni and intense foliar necrosis occurred at 3 DAS. The concentrations of O2 -, H2O2, and MDA were significantly higher by 49% at 3 DAS, 47% at 3 DAS, and 19% at 5 DAS, respectively, for plants sprayed with 120 g·ha-1 Ni and by 48% at 3 DAS, 48% at 3 DAS and 18% at 5 DAS, respectively, for plants sprayed with 240 g·ha-1 Ni. Higher antioxidant enzymes activities and lower Chl a and Chl b concentrations occurred for plants sprayed with either 120 and 240 g·ha-1 Ni compared to the other Ni doses. Decrease on energy destined to photochemical process [Y(II)] (8 and 8% at 5 DAS) and increase on the dissipation of energy by the nonregulated process [Y(NO)] (15 and 15% at 5 DAS) occurred for plants sprayed with 120 and 240 g·ha-1 Ni, respectively. The Ni doses above 120 g·ha-1 promoted oxidative stress to the plants and affected the functionality of their photosynthetic apparatus. Doses below 60 g·ha-1 had a low risk of toxicity to plants without causing any biochemical or physiological damage.
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大豆[甘氨酸max (L.)]的生化生理响应对镍的毒性
尽管镍(Ni)在植物代谢中起着至关重要的作用,但其浓度的小幅增加会导致叶片组织损伤。本研究确定了对大豆植株不产生毒性的镍叶面施用的最高剂量。施用5个剂量(0、30、60、120和240 g·ha-1)的Ni。喷雾后1、3、5 d (DAS)测定丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物(O2 -)、过氧化氢(H2O2)、光合色素浓度、抗氧化酶活性、气体交换和叶绿素(Chl) a荧光参数。在120 g·ha-1 Ni时开始出现Ni中毒症状,3 DAS时出现严重的叶面坏死。120 g·ha-1 Ni处理下,O2 -、H2O2和MDA浓度分别显著提高49%、47%和19%;240 g·ha-1 Ni处理下,O2 -、H2O2和MDA浓度分别显著提高48%、48%和18%。120和240 g·ha-1 Ni处理的植株抗氧化酶活性较高,Chl a和Chl b浓度较低。施用120 g·ha-1和240 g·ha-1 Ni的植株,用于光化学过程的能量[Y(II)]分别减少8%和8% (5 DAS),通过非调节过程[Y(NO)]耗散的能量[Y(NO)]增加15%和15% (5 DAS)。超过120 g·ha-1的Ni浓度会促进植物的氧化应激,影响其光合器官的功能。60 g·ha-1以下的剂量对植物的毒性风险低,不会造成任何生化或生理损伤。
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来源期刊
Bragantia
Bragantia AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
33
审稿时长
4 weeks
期刊介绍: Bragantia é uma revista de ciências agronômicas editada pelo Instituto Agronômico da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de publicar trabalhos científicos originais que contribuam para o desenvolvimento das ciências agronômicas. A revista é publicada desde 1941, tornando-se semestral em 1984, quadrimestral em 2001 e trimestral em 2005. É filiada à Associação Brasileira de Editores Científicos (ABEC).
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