Soil organic matter fractions in an Oxisol under tillage systems and winter cover crops for 26 years in the Brazilian subtropics

IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Bragantia Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1678-4499.20210352
Caroline Amadori, P. C. Conceição, C. A. Casali, L.B.S. Canalli, A. Calegari, J. Dieckow
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

: The improvement of carbon (C) accumulation in soils has been one of the main purposes of the conservation systems in agricultural production. This study aimed to assess the long-term effect of conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) combined with winter cover crops, black oat and oilseed radish, and fallow on C accumulation and stabilization in a very clayey Oxisol in Southern Brazil. Soil samples were collected in the 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m layers of a 26-year-old experiment. Distribution of size-class aggregates, C stock in aggregates, total C stock, and C stocks in the physical fractions, free particulate organic matter (free-POM), occluded particulate organic matter (occluded-POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (min-OM) were assessed. NT had a higher percentage of macroaggregates and C stock in this size-class, and also higher C stock in bulk soil, free-POM and occluded-POM fractions than CT in 0-0.05 m (Tukey’s test p < 0.05), due to higher input of biomass and minimum soil mobilization in NT. Oat and radish had higher C stock in macroaggregates than fallow in 0.05-0.10 m (Tukey’s test p < 0.05). Radish had the highest C stock in the free-POM (0-0.05 m). Fallow decreased the stabilization of macroaggregates and C accumulation in free-POM, due to the lower C input from aboveground biomass over the years. In conclusion, NT after 26 years improved C accumulation and stabilization, mainly in the superficial layer and in POM fractions, and winter cover crops favored the formation and stability of macroaggregates.
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巴西亚热带地区26年耕作制度和冬季覆盖作物下Oxisol土壤有机质组分
改善土壤碳(C)积累已成为农业生产中保护系统的主要目的之一。本研究旨在评估常规耕作(CT)和免耕作(NT)配合冬季覆盖作物、黑燕麦和油籽萝卜以及休耕对巴西南部极粘土Oxisol中碳积累和稳定的长期影响。选取0 ~ 0.05 m、0.05 ~ 0.10 m和0.10 ~ 0.20 m三层土壤样品,历时26年。评估了粒径级团聚体、团聚体中的碳储量、总碳储量、物理组分中的碳储量、自由颗粒有机质(free- pom)、封闭颗粒有机质(occluded- pom)和矿物伴生有机质(min-OM)的分布。在0 ~ 0.05 m范围内,由于NT的生物量投入较大,土壤动员最小,因此NT的大团聚体和C储量比CT高(Tukey’s检验p < 0.05),且块状土壤、游离pom和闭聚pom组分的C储量也高于CT (Tukey’s检验p < 0.05)。在0.05 ~ 0.10 m范围内,燕麦和萝卜的大团聚体C储量高于休耕(Tukey’s检验p < 0.05)。在自由pom (0-0.05 m)中,萝卜的碳储量最高,由于多年来地上生物量的碳输入减少,休耕降低了自由pom中大团聚体的稳定性和碳积累。综上所述,26 a后氮肥处理促进了土壤中碳的积累和稳定,主要表现在表层和POM组分中,冬盖作物有利于大团聚体的形成和稳定。
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来源期刊
Bragantia
Bragantia AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
33
审稿时长
4 weeks
期刊介绍: Bragantia é uma revista de ciências agronômicas editada pelo Instituto Agronômico da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de publicar trabalhos científicos originais que contribuam para o desenvolvimento das ciências agronômicas. A revista é publicada desde 1941, tornando-se semestral em 1984, quadrimestral em 2001 e trimestral em 2005. É filiada à Associação Brasileira de Editores Científicos (ABEC).
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