{"title":"Sistem Penyimpanan Salak Sabang (Salacca edulis Sp) Dalam Rangka Peningkatan Potensi Komoditi Daerah Sabang (Aceh)","authors":"Bambang Sukarno Putra, Raida Agustina","doi":"10.17969/RTP.V7I2.2681","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak. Buah salak Sabang setelah fase matang mengalami fase penuaan (senescence) yang disusul dengan kerusakan karena merosotnya ketahanan terhadap mikroba (kapang) pembusuk. Kerusakan dapat disebabkan oleh kerusakan mekanis, fisik, mikrobiologis dan fisiologis. Oleh sebab itu tujuan umum penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pelapisan buah dan suhu penyimpanan agar dapat mencegah busuk buah pada salak Sabang, dengan tujuan khususnya untuk melihat pengaruh pelapisan dan suhu penyimpanan terhadap mutu salak, dan melihat hubungan antara perubahan mutu salak dengan tingkat penerimaan konsumen secara organoleptik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan faktor suhu yang terdiri dari 2 taraf (10°C dan 27°C) dan faktor konsentrasi pelapisan yang terdiri 3 taraf (50%, 75% dan 100%) dan kontrol adalah salak Sabang tanpa pelapisan aloe vera dan disimpan pada suhu ruang (27°C) dilakukan dengan 2 ulangan. Analisa data dilakukan dengan SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) versi 17. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada akhir penyimpanan (hari ke-27) dengan suhu penyimpanan 10°C, konsentrasi aloe vera yang diaplikasikan berpengaruh terhadap mutu salak Sabang. Susut bobot terendah pada konsentrasi 100% (12,84%) dan yang tertinggi pada konsentrasi 50% (15,50%). Kekerasan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (22,50 kg/mm2) dan terendah pada konsentrasi 50% (18,81 kg/mm2). Kadar air daging buah tertinggi pada konsentrasi 50% (81,45%) dan terendah pada konsentrasi 75% (75,90%). Total Padatan Terlarut (TPT) tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (20,00 °Brix) dan terendah pada konsentrasi 75% (16,60 oBrix). Nilai organoleptik tekstur terendah pada konsentrasi 50% (3,8) dan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (4,7). Nilai organoleptik rasa terendah pada konsentrasi 50% (3,8) dan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (3,9). Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik untuk penanganan busuk buah pada salak adalah pelapisan dengan aloe vera 50% dan suhu penyimpanan 10oC (parameter mutu kadar air daging buah yang tinggi dan nilai organoleptik yang tetap disukai) mampu mempertahankan masa simpan salak Sabang hingga 27 hari. The Storage System of Fruit Snake (Salacca edulis Sp) for Improvement of the Potential Commodity in Sabang (Aceh)Abstrak. After mature phase, snake fruit through a phase of aging (senescence), followed by damage due to declining resistance to microbes (fungi) spoilage. The damage can be caused by mechanical, physical, microbiological and physiological damage. The damage can be prevented by fruit coating and storage temperature control. Therefore,the aim of this study was to determine the effect of fruit coating and storage temperature on the quality of fruit snake, and see the relationship between the quality changes of snake fruit and organoleptic consumer acceptance level. The research was conducted using completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor is storage temperature (10°C and 27°C) and the second factor is concentration of fruit coating (50%, 75% and 100%). Snake fruit without aloe vera coating and stored at room temperature (27°C) was used as controls. Data analysis was performed with SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) version 17. The results showed that at the end of storage (day 27), the concentration of aloe vera and storage temperature of 10°C has an effect on the quality of snake fruit. The lowest weight loss of snake fruit was obtained at the concentration of coating of 100% (12,84%) and the highest of those of 50% (15,50%). The highest hardness of snake fruit was gained at concentration of coating of 100% (22,50 kg / mm2) and the lowest of those of 50% (18,81 kg / mm2). The highest water content of the fruit flesh at concentration of coating of 50% (81,45%) and the lowest of those of 75% (75,90%). The highest total Dissolved Solids (TPT) was obtained at concentration of coating of 100% (20,00 °Brix) and the lowest of those of 75% (16,60 oBrix). The lowest texture organoleptic value of the fruit was gained at concentration of coating of 50% (3,8) and the highest of those of 100% (4,7). The lowest organoleptic taste value was at concentration of coating of 50% (3,8) and the highest of those of 100% (3,9). The best treatment was resulted from the combination of aloe vera coating concentration of 50% and storage temperature of 10°C. (the resulted fruit had high amount of water content, preferred by consumers and could maintain the shelf life of up to 27 days).","PeriodicalId":55725,"journal":{"name":"Rona Teknik Pertanian","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Rona Teknik Pertanian","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.17969/RTP.V7I2.2681","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstrak. Buah salak Sabang setelah fase matang mengalami fase penuaan (senescence) yang disusul dengan kerusakan karena merosotnya ketahanan terhadap mikroba (kapang) pembusuk. Kerusakan dapat disebabkan oleh kerusakan mekanis, fisik, mikrobiologis dan fisiologis. Oleh sebab itu tujuan umum penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pelapisan buah dan suhu penyimpanan agar dapat mencegah busuk buah pada salak Sabang, dengan tujuan khususnya untuk melihat pengaruh pelapisan dan suhu penyimpanan terhadap mutu salak, dan melihat hubungan antara perubahan mutu salak dengan tingkat penerimaan konsumen secara organoleptik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan faktor suhu yang terdiri dari 2 taraf (10°C dan 27°C) dan faktor konsentrasi pelapisan yang terdiri 3 taraf (50%, 75% dan 100%) dan kontrol adalah salak Sabang tanpa pelapisan aloe vera dan disimpan pada suhu ruang (27°C) dilakukan dengan 2 ulangan. Analisa data dilakukan dengan SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) versi 17. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada akhir penyimpanan (hari ke-27) dengan suhu penyimpanan 10°C, konsentrasi aloe vera yang diaplikasikan berpengaruh terhadap mutu salak Sabang. Susut bobot terendah pada konsentrasi 100% (12,84%) dan yang tertinggi pada konsentrasi 50% (15,50%). Kekerasan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (22,50 kg/mm2) dan terendah pada konsentrasi 50% (18,81 kg/mm2). Kadar air daging buah tertinggi pada konsentrasi 50% (81,45%) dan terendah pada konsentrasi 75% (75,90%). Total Padatan Terlarut (TPT) tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (20,00 °Brix) dan terendah pada konsentrasi 75% (16,60 oBrix). Nilai organoleptik tekstur terendah pada konsentrasi 50% (3,8) dan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (4,7). Nilai organoleptik rasa terendah pada konsentrasi 50% (3,8) dan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100% (3,9). Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik untuk penanganan busuk buah pada salak adalah pelapisan dengan aloe vera 50% dan suhu penyimpanan 10oC (parameter mutu kadar air daging buah yang tinggi dan nilai organoleptik yang tetap disukai) mampu mempertahankan masa simpan salak Sabang hingga 27 hari. The Storage System of Fruit Snake (Salacca edulis Sp) for Improvement of the Potential Commodity in Sabang (Aceh)Abstrak. After mature phase, snake fruit through a phase of aging (senescence), followed by damage due to declining resistance to microbes (fungi) spoilage. The damage can be caused by mechanical, physical, microbiological and physiological damage. The damage can be prevented by fruit coating and storage temperature control. Therefore,the aim of this study was to determine the effect of fruit coating and storage temperature on the quality of fruit snake, and see the relationship between the quality changes of snake fruit and organoleptic consumer acceptance level. The research was conducted using completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor is storage temperature (10°C and 27°C) and the second factor is concentration of fruit coating (50%, 75% and 100%). Snake fruit without aloe vera coating and stored at room temperature (27°C) was used as controls. Data analysis was performed with SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) version 17. The results showed that at the end of storage (day 27), the concentration of aloe vera and storage temperature of 10°C has an effect on the quality of snake fruit. The lowest weight loss of snake fruit was obtained at the concentration of coating of 100% (12,84%) and the highest of those of 50% (15,50%). The highest hardness of snake fruit was gained at concentration of coating of 100% (22,50 kg / mm2) and the lowest of those of 50% (18,81 kg / mm2). The highest water content of the fruit flesh at concentration of coating of 50% (81,45%) and the lowest of those of 75% (75,90%). The highest total Dissolved Solids (TPT) was obtained at concentration of coating of 100% (20,00 °Brix) and the lowest of those of 75% (16,60 oBrix). The lowest texture organoleptic value of the fruit was gained at concentration of coating of 50% (3,8) and the highest of those of 100% (4,7). The lowest organoleptic taste value was at concentration of coating of 50% (3,8) and the highest of those of 100% (3,9). The best treatment was resulted from the combination of aloe vera coating concentration of 50% and storage temperature of 10°C. (the resulted fruit had high amount of water content, preferred by consumers and could maintain the shelf life of up to 27 days).