Efecto de un programa nutricional sobre la composición corporal en pacientes con síndrome metabólico

Abstract

The present work was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the effect of the nutritional program on body composition in patients with metabolic syndrome. The design was pre-experimental in a sample of 22 selected workers out of 60 identified with metabolic syndrome, belonging to the Citizen Security Management of the Municipality of Victor Larco of the city of Trujillo, to whom a nutritional program was applied with follow-up of a individualized diet plan between 2000 and 2200 calories for 8 months. The presence of metabolic syndrome was identified using the criteria of the Latin American Diabetes Association (ALAD) 2018. Glycemia and lipid profile were determined with the use of the Accu Chek® Performa Nano glucometer and Mission Cholesterometer respectively, and body composition through bioimpedance with the Maltron 920-II equipment. 61.86% of the workers presented metabolic syndrome and 72.16% had an atherogenic risk. After the application of the nutritional program, the% fat is reduced from 33.52 ± 6.41% to 31.56 ± 7.02% (p <0.05), an increase in the fat-free mass from 66.48 ± 6.41 to 68.44 ± 7.02% (p <0.05 ), a non-significant increase in muscle mass 28.68 ± 4.44 to 29.73 ± 4.75 kg and similarly with body protein from 12.58 ± 1.88 kg to 13.02 ± 2.05 (p = 0.223). It is concluded that the nutritional program improved the body composition in the% fat and fat-free mass, but not in the BMI, requiring more emphasis on physical activity.