Viral infections as a cause or a trigger for the development of hemoblastosis?

Abstract

In recent decades, there has been an increase in the number of oncological cases in children. Most common diseases are hemoblastoses, which are characterized by clinical polymorphism in the disease onset, so differential diagnosis should be made. This article presents a clinical case of serous meningitis in a child with increasing dynamics of lymphocytic pleocytosis. The clinical diagnosis of lymphocytic choriomeningitis was based on clinical and anamnestic data (accommodation in the private sector, moderate severity of the general infectious syndrome in combination with severe cerebral and meningeal symptoms), laboratory data (increasing lymphocytic pleocytosis and cell-protein dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid). The therapy correction included antiviral therapy, which helped to achieve normalization of the cerebrospinal fluid and clinical recovery of the child from an acute neuroinfectious disease in a short time. This clinical case is unique in that 2.5 months after the disease onset, the patient developed convergent strabismus and was hospitalized. Routine blood analysis revealed 25% of blast forms. Further, the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia was confirmed, and specific therapy was initiated. It is generally recognized that a prolonged infectious process can be a trigger for both autoimmune and paraneoplastic processes, so long-time patient observation should be provided by a group of specialists (pediatrician, neurologist, infectionist, etc.), and control laboratory examination should be done. Key words: herpesviruses, children, leukemia, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, meningitis, cytoflavin