Hybrid Time-of-Flight Image Sensors for Middle-Range Outdoor Applications

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI:10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3133224

Shoji Kawahito;Keita Yasutomi;Kamel Mars

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

This paper introduces a new series of time-of-flight (TOF) range image sensors that can be used for outdoor middle-range (10m to 100m) applications by employing a small duty-cycle modulated light pulse with a relatively high optical peak power. This set of TOF sensors is referred to here as a hybrid TOF (hTOF) image sensor. The hTOF image sensor is based on the indirect TOF measurement principle but simultaneously uses the direct TOF concept for coarse measurements. Compared to conventional indirect TOF image sensors for outdoor middle-range applications, the hTOF image sensor has a distinct advantage due to the reduction of capturing ambient light charge. To show the potential of the hTOF image sensor for outdoor middle-range operation, a model of estimating distance precision of hTOF image sensors is built and applied it by using possible sensor specifications to estimate the distance precision of the hTOF range camera in 10m, 20m and 40m measurements under the ambient-light condition of 100klux and its feasibility is discussed. In outdoor 10m-range measurements, the advantage of hTOF image sensors compared to the conventional indirect TOF image sensors is discussed by considering the amount of captured ambient-light charge in pixels.

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用于中程户外应用的混合飞行时间图像传感器

本文介绍了一系列新的飞行时间（TOF）距离图像传感器，该传感器可用于室外中程（10米至100米）应用，采用具有相对较高光学峰值功率的小占空比调制光脉冲。这组TOF传感器在这里被称为混合TOF（hTOF）图像传感器。hTOF图像传感器基于间接TOF测量原理，但同时使用直接TOF概念进行粗略测量。与用于户外中程应用的传统间接TOF图像传感器相比，hTOF图像检测器由于减少了捕获环境光电荷而具有明显的优势。为了展示hTOF图像传感器在户外中程操作中的潜力，建立了hTOF传感器距离精度估计模型，并利用可能的传感器规格将其应用于hTOF测距相机在100klux环境光照条件下10米、20米和40米测量的距离精度估计，并讨论了其可行性。在室外10米范围测量中，通过考虑以像素为单位捕获的环境光电荷量，讨论了hTOF图像传感器与传统间接TOF图像感测器相比的优势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society

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