The structure of financial networks, and Western Balkan banking systems

Abstract

This paper analyses the structure of the part of the global financial network that the banking systems of the Western Balkan countries belong to for the period 2007-2013. The data it uses is mostly from BIS consolidated banking statistics and the methodological tools used are based on network theory. It finds that a few features of the pan-European financial network strongly influence the likelihood of risk transfer to the Western Balkan area. First, the banking systems of the six Western Balkan countries are periphery nodes in the financial network. Second, the network is highly concentrated around a small number of nodes and all other nodes are weakly interconnected. Third, there are three nodes or regional common lenders that have dominant roles in the Western Balkan banking systems: the banking systems of Austria, Italy, and Greece. The conclusion is that in the case of financial distress anywhere in the financial network, risk could easily spread to Western Balkan banking systems, with the interconnections in the financial network having the effect of a risk transmitter. Wherever in the network the initial shock is sufficiently strong, financial contagion could easily spread to the Western Balkan area through the regional common lenders.