Fungal biodiversity on maize kernels in an insecticide evaluation trial

Sonja Tančić-Živanov, M. Lalošević, R. Jevtić, F. Franeta, Z. Milovac, D. Stanisavljevic, B. Purar
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The European corn borer (ECB) Ostrinia nubilalis and Fusarium ear rot Fusarium spp. pose a continuous threat to maize production worldwide. There are several reports indicating that ECB damage to maize ears promotes Fusarium ear rot infection. The aim of this study was to monitor the influence of different insecticide treatments (a.i. chlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, and chlorantraniliprole+lambda-cyhalothrin) on the ECB and fungal diversity on maize kernels in the field in a four-year trial (2013-2016). A total of 16 different fungal genera were isolated from maize kernels, and Fusarium species were confirmed to be the dominant pathogens, present in all treatments, throughout the four years of experiments. The incidence of Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. was established to be low. Apart from Fusarium species, the most frequent genera were: Aspergillus spp., Mortierella spp., Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., Acremonium spp. and Rhizopus spp. Treatments with chlorantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole+lambda-cyhalothrin showed higher efficacy, though not statistically significant, compared to indoxacarb, in reducing the number of ECB larvae and damage they cause. However, no direct effect on the number of isolated fungal genera has been observed in any of the three insecticide treatments.
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玉米籽粒真菌多样性杀虫剂评价试验
欧洲玉米螟虫(ECB) nubilalis Ostrinia nubilalis和Fusarium ear rot Fusarium spp.对全球玉米生产构成持续威胁。有几份报告表明,ECB对玉米穗的损害促进了镰刀菌的侵染。本研究通过为期4年的试验(2013-2016年),监测不同药剂处理(如氯虫腈、茚虫威和氯虫腈+高效氯氟氰菊酯)对玉米籽粒ECB和真菌多样性的影响。在四年的实验中,从玉米籽粒中分离出16种不同的真菌属,镰刀菌属被证实为优势病原体,存在于所有处理中。曲霉属和青霉属的发病率较低。除镰刀菌外,最常见的属为曲霉、摩氏菌、毛霉菌、青霉、顶孢菌和根霉。氯虫腈和氯虫腈+高效氯氰菊酯处理对减少ECB幼虫数量和危害的效果均优于茚虫威,但无统计学意义。然而,三种杀虫剂处理均未观察到对分离真菌属数量的直接影响。
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