Control of mushroom sciarid fly Lycoriella inguena (Dufour) with an azadirachtin-based insecticide

Tanja Drobnjaković, D. Marčić, I. Potocnik, E. Rekanović, M. Prijovic, S. Milijasevic-Marcic, M. Stepanović
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Abstract

The impact of a bioinsecticide based on azadirachtin (Ozoneem trishul 1 %) on the abudance of mushroom flies (Sciaridae: Diptera) was compared to the effect of a commercial formulation of the malathion-based chemical insecticide Etiol tecni. Experiments were conducted in three growing chambers (B6, B7 and B8) of a commercial mushrom farm ?Delta Danube? d.o.o., Kovin. Casing treatments were performed in eight replications in a random block design. The azadirachtin-based bioinsecticide was applied in chamber B8 four times (0.5 ml/m2): during casing and later at seven-day intervals. The standard chemical insecticide based on malathion was applied in chambers B6 and B7 twice (2 x 0.3 ml/m2), on the third and sixth day after casing. In all three chambers, the abudance of mushroom flies was monitored by using yellow sticky traps, which were collected weekly and replaced with new ones four times at seven days intervals. The yellow sticky traps were examined in the laboratory under a binocular microscope to determine the presence and density of mushroom flies. Only one species of mushroom fly, Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour), was found on the yellow sticky traps throughout the experimental period. The average number of sciarid flies per mushroom block 15 and 22 days after treatment (DAT) was significantly lower in the test chamber B8 than in chambers B7 and B6, while there was no significant difference 30 and 36 DAT, compared to the control chamber B6. The average number of sciarid flies per mushroom row throughout the experiment was significantly lower in the test chamber B8 than in chambers B6 and B7. The results of our study suggest that the azadirachtin-based bioinsecticide can suppress populations of the mushroom fly L. ingenua and may provide a good alternative to conventional chemical insecticide.
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印楝素类杀虫剂防治鹅口疮蝇的研究
以印楝素为基础的生物杀虫剂(Ozoneem trishul 1%)对蘑菇蝇(翅目:双翅目)数量的影响与以马拉硫磷为基础的化学杀虫剂Etiol tecni的商业配方的影响进行了比较。试验在多瑙河三角洲商业蘑菇农场的B6、B7和B8三个生长室进行。d.o.o Kovin。套管处理采用随机区设计,分8个重复进行。以印楝素为基础的生物杀虫剂在B8室施用4次(0.5 ml/m2):在套管期间和之后每隔7天施用一次。以马拉硫磷为基础的标准化学杀虫剂,于套壳后第3天、第6天分别在B6、B7室施2次(2 × 0.3 ml/m2)。在所有三个室中,使用黄色粘性捕蝇器监测蘑菇蝇的数量,这些捕蝇器每周收集一次,每隔七天更换四次。在实验室用双筒显微镜检查黄色粘捕器,以确定蘑菇蝇的存在和密度。在整个实验期间,在黄色粘捕器上只发现了一种蘑菇蝇,Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour)。处理15和22 d后,试验室B8每个蘑菇块的平均棉铃虫数显著低于试验室B7和B6,而30和36 d后与对照室B6无显著差异。试验室B8在整个试验过程中,每排香菇平均蝇数显著低于试验室B6和B7。本研究结果表明,印楝素类生物杀虫剂能有效抑制蘑菇蝇种群,是一种很好的化学杀虫剂替代品。
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