Some aspects of application of pesticides and fertilizers on nutritive value and other characteristics of crop plants

B. Nikolić, H. Waisi, Sanja Djurovic, M. Dugalic, V. Jovanović
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Abstract

We surveyed different aspects of the application of agrochemicals (pesticides and foliar non-standard fertilizers) on the nutritive value and other non-yield characteristics of crop plants. The survey was based on results of our own trials and studies conducted by other researchers. Various parameters of plant and seedling growth, and yield, were analyzed, as well as the chemical composition, and energetic and thermodynamic parameters of plants in order to better assess the impact of these agrochemicals on crops. The application of various agrochemicals has been found to affect the germination of seeds produced by treated plants. The most significant and most diverse results have been obtained by analyzing the yield and yield components of many different crops (field crops, fruits, vegetables), as well as their chemical composition (mineral elements, different sugars, secondary metabolites, etc.) in terms of improving their nutritive quality. It was found that in maize seedlings it occurs by changing the content of various elements, as well as polyphenol profiles and thermodynamic parameters, and the effects did not only depend on the dosage of agrochemicals but also on maize genotype. We also found that agrochemicals affected the energetic and thermodynamic parameters of individual maize plants, as well as the parameters of plant growth and yield. It was noticed that these agrochemicals greatly affected the content of microelements, starch and crude proteins in maize and barley, sugar and polyphenol contents in various fruit trees and soybean. We noted that in certain agroecological situations these agrochemicals have led to spectacular magnification of yields of different crops, but there were also situations when they did not have any positive effect on crop yield, which is discussed also in the context of results of other researchers.
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农药和化肥施用对作物营养价值和其他特性的影响
我们调查了农用化学品(农药和叶面非标准肥料)施用对作物营养价值和其他非产量特性的影响。这项调查是基于我们自己的试验和其他研究人员进行的研究的结果。为了更好地评价这些农药对作物的影响,分析了植物和幼苗生长、产量的各种参数,以及植物的化学成分、能量和热力学参数。各种农用化学品的施用已被发现会影响处理过的植物所产生的种子的发芽。通过分析许多不同作物(大田作物、水果、蔬菜)的产量和产量组成,以及它们的化学成分(矿物元素、不同的糖、次生代谢物等)在提高其营养品质方面的作用,得到了最显著和最多样化的结果。结果表明,在玉米幼苗中,多种元素的含量、多酚谱和热力学参数的改变都能引起玉米幼苗的光合作用,其影响不仅与农药用量有关,还与玉米基因型有关。我们还发现,农药对玉米单株的能量和热力学参数以及植株生长和产量参数都有影响。结果表明,这些农药对玉米和大麦中微量元素、淀粉和粗蛋白质含量、各种果树和大豆中糖和多酚含量的影响较大。我们注意到,在某些农业生态情况下,这些农用化学品会导致不同作物的产量显著增加,但也有一些情况下,它们对作物产量没有任何积极影响,这也在其他研究人员的研究结果的背景下进行了讨论。
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来源期刊
自引率
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发文量
4
审稿时长
4 weeks
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