Efficacy of fungicides in control of turmeric leaf spot caused by Colletotrichum capsici at Tepi, Southwestern Ethiopia

Merga Jibat, Mulukan Asfaw
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Abstract

Turmeric leaf spot, caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum capsici, is the greatest damaging disease that limits the production and productivity of turmeric, and reduces qualitative and quantitative rhizome yields in Southwestern Ethiopia. A field trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different fungicides against a disease epidemic of turmeric leaf spot in Southwestern Ethiopia. The field experiment was performed at Tepi Agricultural Research Center during the 2019 and 2020 main cropping seasons using four fungicides: Ethiozeb 80% WP (mancozeb), Prozole 255 EC (propiconazole), Mancolaxyl 72% WP (mancozeb + metalaxyl) and Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG (metalaxyl-M), which were applied either as seed rhizome treatments plus foliar spray, or as foliar spray alone for control of leaf spot infection. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with nine treatments and three replications. The results of the experiment indicated that both rhizome treatment + foliar spray, and foliar fungicide spray treatments significantly affected the turmeric leaf spot epidemics. The effect of the foliar spray Prozole 255 EC (propiconazole) was significantly higher than the other treatments in reducing disease severity (27.0) and maximizing rhizome fresh yield (34.1 ton/ ha). The maximum cost benefit ratio (1:2.65) was achieved by the foliar spray fungicide Prozole 255 EC (propiconazole). Amongst different fungicides considered, the foliar spray Prozole 255 EC (propiconazole) reduced leaf spot disease incidence up to 47.1% over the control on the last day of disease evaluation. The whole outcome of this experiment showed that foliar Prozole 255 EC (propiconazole) fungicide sprays were effective in alleviating the epidemic of turmeric leaf spot and boosting turmeric production and productivity.
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杀菌剂防治埃塞俄比亚西南部特皮地区辣椒炭疽病菌的效果研究
由辣椒炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum capsici)引起的姜黄叶斑病(Turmeric leaf spot)是埃塞俄比亚西南部限制姜黄产量和生产力的最大危害病害,并降低了定性和定量的根茎产量。为评价不同杀菌剂对埃塞俄比亚西南部流行的姜黄叶斑病的防治效果,进行了田间试验。在2019年和2020年主要种植季,在泰皮省农业研究中心进行了4种杀菌剂的田间试验,分别为:Ethiozeb 80% WP(代森锰锌)、Prozole 255 EC(丙环康唑)、Mancolaxyl 72% WP(代森锰锌+甲axyl)和Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG(甲axyl- m),分别作为种子根茎处理加叶面喷雾或单独叶面喷雾防治叶斑病。田间试验采用完全随机区组设计,9个处理,3个重复。试验结果表明,根茎处理+叶面喷淋处理和叶面杀菌剂喷淋处理对姜黄叶斑病的防治均有显著影响。叶面喷施Prozole 255 EC(丙环唑)在降低病害严重程度(27.0)和提高根茎鲜产量(34.1吨/公顷)方面的效果显著高于其他处理。叶面喷施杀菌剂Prozole 255 EC(丙环唑)的成本效益比最高,为1:2.65。在不同的杀菌剂中,叶面喷施Prozole 255 EC(丙环唑)在病害评价的最后一天比对照减少了47.1%的叶斑病发病率。本试验结果表明,叶面喷施Prozole 255 EC (propiconazole)杀菌剂能有效缓解姜黄叶斑病的流行,提高姜黄的产量和生产力。
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审稿时长
4 weeks
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